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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Cultural Evolution
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gradual change of culture over time
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Cultural Anthropology
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study of culture
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Culture
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A set of values, beliefs, norms, way of life, system of belief (art, poetry, music, being a student)
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Culture as a text
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culture is like a text; culture is everywhere telling a story that needs to be deciphered and interpreted
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Thick Description
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multiple meanings; deeper meanings
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Cultural Construction
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A perspective on a subject that is shaped by cultural assumptions, rather than having a natural or objective basis. (ex: idea of beauty in one culture)
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Balinese cockfight
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used to describe social status; fight of status, pride, and honor
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Progress
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the idea that human history is the story of a steady advance from a life depending on the whims of nature to a life of control and domination over natural forces
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Primitive vs. Civilized
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problematic terms; deals with ethnocentrism; way of exploitation
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Scientific racism
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use of scientific investigation to find differences in race
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Survival of the fittest
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natural selection; preservation of favored races in the struggle for life
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Social evolutionism
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Social evolutionism – (Lewis Henry Morgan) (Savagery, barbarism, civilization) how an anthropologist described the progress of cultures
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Rite of Passage
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acceptance into culture; a boy becoming a man, wedding, graduation; three phases (separation, liminal, integrated)
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Tacit Culture
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internalized cultural knowledge
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Ethnography
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process of discovering or describing a culture through participant observation
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Participant Observation
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active participation in observing subjects
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Objectivity
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studying a culture without preconceived notions
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Ethnocentrism
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believing your culture is the greatest
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Cultural relativism
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the principle that an individual human's beliefs and activities should be understood by others in terms of that individual's own culture; no one can judge any culture
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Metaphor
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term taken from one domain and put into another (ex: war on cancer)
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Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis
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differences in the way languages encode cultural and cognitive categories affect the way people think, so that speakers of different languages think and behave differently because of it (ex: no word in future tense so people cannot understand it)
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Sociolinguistics
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link between grammar and culture
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Colonialism
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one country establishes rule over another; increase trade; European exploitation
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Other/Othering
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giving negative values to others; way of excluding people
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Gender Identity
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Socially constructed gender characteristics given to men and women
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Nuclear Family
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Family group with mother and father and children
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Kinship
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The recognized ties of relationship by descent, marriage, or ritual that form the basis of social organization
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Polyandry
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marriage where woman can have more than one husband (Brothers in Tibet)
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Patrilineal
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lineage through father
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Matrilineal
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lineage through mother
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Race as a myth
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hypo descent; folk taxonomy (different features for different people ex: latinos); The concept of race was created by people
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Hijab Symbolism
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Men’s power; wealth; restriction (don’t touch woman); guard woman’s honor
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