Anthro Final

Front 1

Which of the following was NOT a European contribution to the West Indies in the late 15th/early 16th century?

Back 1

potatoes

Front 2

Which of the following Gulf Coast cultures may have had connections with the Southeastern United States?

Back 2

Huastecs

Front 3

Which of the following sites was discovered during the course of a modern construction project and illustrates the complications that can arise when archaeological finds become politicized?

Back 3

Miami Circle

Front 4

The Calusas of southern Florida developed chiefdoms despite their ____________________.

Back 4

failure to adopt agriculture and grow maize

Front 5

All of the following are true of Troyville-Coles Creek Culture EXCEPT they __________.

Back 5

made a distinctive form of projectile point from local chert

Front 6

Which of the following has been proposed as a feature that limited trade around the rim of the Gulf Coast?

Back 6

the existence of two major sea gaps and a desert gap

Front 7

Which of the following societies was among the first in North America to adopt maize as a staple crop?

Back 7

Weeden Island

Front 8

Which of the following is the most likely function of the wheels found by archaeologists in Veracruz, Mexico?

Back 8

toys

Front 9

The first wave of people to colonize the Greater Antilles most likely migrated by boat from the __________________.

Back 9

Yucatan Peninsula

Front 10

_____________ was the primary food source for the Native American tribes of the Great Plains for thousands of years.

Back 10

bison

Front 11

Native Americas were able to adapt to and flourish in the Northwest Plateau region of the United States as a result of the presence of large game animals, edible roots, and ________________.

Back 11

migratory fish

Front 12

Pithouses were developed and built by sedentary peoples living on the Plateau of the Northwest coast as a way to ________________.

Back 12

stay cool during the hot summer months and warm during the harsh winters

Front 13

Which of the following tribes is known for their exploitation of multiple microenvironments in the Great Basin?

Back 13

Shoshone

Front 14

Which of the following is the main reason why medicine wheels were constructed by Great Plains Indian cultures?

Back 14

The purpose of these features is still uncertain.

Front 15

All of the following are true about the development of the mounted nomadic cultures of the Great Plains EXCEPT:

Back 15

they developed in the 1500s and flourished until the late 1900s

Front 16

Which of the following resulted in the evolution of many short-lived cultures on the Great Plains, Great Basin, and interior Plateau areas?

Back 16

short- and long-term climatic cycling

Front 17

Which of the following BEST describes the people of the Plains Woodland culture as they existed in the wooded valleys of the eastern Great Plains?

Back 17

farmers who brought cultivation with them from the Eastern Woodlands

Front 18

What was the primary feature of Numic speaking peoples that allowed them to be more successful in the Great Basin than the Fremont culture?

Back 18

a hunter-gatherer adaptation that was better suited to the Great Basin around the time of the Medieval Maximum

Front 19

Which of the following BEST describes the North American Great Plains region?

Back 19

a vast grassland with a few forests on a few mountains and along rivers

Front 20

Which of the following best describes the language families found on the Northwest Coast?

Back 20

a number of very old language families in the region that suggest a long history of cultural divergence

Front 21

An archaeological “horizon” is best defined as ________________.

Back 21

a brief but widespread archaeological phenomenon that serves as a convenient stratigraphic marker

Front 22

Ozette, the most famous site along the northern coast, has an exceptionally well-preserved record of the Makah Indians who lived there because

Back 22

the site was buried during a mudslide

Front 23

Classic features of historic Northwest Coast culture include totem poles, large dugout canoes, wooden boxes, elaborate masks decorated in a distinctive art style, and ________________.

Back 23

large cedar plank houses

Front 24

Why was the last prehistoric man to survive in the United States simply called “Ishi”, which translates to man in the Yahi language?

Back 24

in his culture, people did not speak their own names and no one else was left to tell his name to others

Front 25

All of the following are true of the Namu site EXCEPT?

Back 25

huge shell middens were used for burials of high-status individuals

Front 26

Wooden racks found at wet sites along the Hoko River near the Oregon coast were used to ____________________.

Back 26

dry fish in the sun

Front 27

Which of the following was the most likely driving factor behind the formation and maintenance of chiefdoms in the Chumash culture?

Back 27

organizational challenges related to the construction, maintenance, and use of large plank canoes

Front 28

Which of the following BEST describes the most significant feature of Baja California?

Back 28

ancient adaptations and ways of life were preserved by the southern-most peoples of the peninsula

Front 29

_______________ served as a type of currency among ancient and historic peoples of the West Coast.

Back 29

seashells

Front 30

Which of the following was the most prominent technological feature of Arctic Stage 4, which occurred between 1200 (+/- 400) BCE - 600 (+/-500)CE?

Back 30

stone lamps

Front 31

Which of the following represents a technological innovation that is not known to be part of the Dorset Culture?

Back 31

pottery

Front 32

The small burins, side blades, microblades, and microcores of the Eskimo Small Tool Tradition were manufactured _____________________.

Back 32

to edge normal sized compound tools

Front 33

Large, crescent shaped knives used both historically and in ancient times by peoples of the Arctic are called ______________.

Back 33

Ulus

Front 34

Which of the following best describes the social organization of subarctic peoples?

Back 34

Small, thinly scattered, linked bands

Front 35

_________culture replaced the Dorset culture and other cultures it encountered as it spread and represented the last major cultural expansion out of Alaska.

Back 35

Thule

Front 36

Which of the following was the primary subsistence activity(ies) for Eastern Subarctic Algonquians?

Back 36

caribou hunting and fishing

Front 37

Stage 1 development in the Arctic, which stretches from 15,000 – 5,000 BCE, can BEST be described as the stage _______________________.

Back 37

that provides the earliest indisputable archaeological evidence for people in the Arctic

Front 38

After the adoption of the bow and arrow sometime after 600 CE, the Algonquians of the Eastern Subarctic expanded ___________________.

Back 38

south of the Great Lakes to the Eastern Woodlands

Front 39

Who were the first outsiders to make contact with the Inuits of the eastern Arctic?

Back 39

Norse settlers who settled in Greenland and Newfoundland

Front 40

Which of the following was the main effect of the Great Depression on the field of archaeology?

Back 40

a boom in field archaeology and the creation of massive new archaeological projects

Front 41

Which of the following occurred during the 19th century in America and was a major factor in the establishment of professional archaeology?

Back 41

creation of the Smithsonian Institution and various other museums

Front 42

Which of the following is the most likely location of Columbus's landing in 1492 C.E.?

Back 42

San Salvador in the Bahamas

Front 43

Where did the epidemics brought to the Americas by Europeans and Africans most likely originate?

Back 43

domesticated animals

Front 44

Since 1970, all projects with federal funding must identify, avoid, or mitigate impacts on archaeological sites, which has resulted in 70% of new careers in archaeology being in the area of _________________.

Back 44

cultural resource management

Front 45

Which of the following explorers landed on the Vera Cruz coast of Mexico in 1519 and led forces to conquer the Aztec Capital of Tenochtitlan in 1521?

Back 45

Hernan Cortes

Front 46

According to the SAA Code of Ethics, professional archaeologists should be engaged in all of the following EXCEPT:

Back 46

providing reasonable appraisals for the sale of artifacts

Front 47

After its long population decline beginning at the time of European contact, what was the approximate size of the Native American population in the United States at its lowest point (1890 CE)? (Note: graph in lesson 44 is not to scale - use the book for this question)

Back 47

230,000

Front 48

Which of the following is the most reasonable estimate of the number of Native Americans living north of Mexico at the time of first European contact?

Back 48

1.9 – 3.4 million

Front 49

European families responded to high childhood mortality due to epidemic diseases by having more children; most American Indian communities responded to epidemics by __________________.

Back 49

adopting refugees and captives to maintain population size

Front 50

Although ____________ culture spread rapidly through the Lesser Antilles around 500 BCE, the pottery-making technology associated with them did not reach Cuba until almost 1,000 years later.

Back 50

Saladoid