Anth 552 Test 1

Front 1

Ethnography

Back 1

A study of a particular people and culture

Front 2

Etic

Back 2

Deductive perspective - developing a hypothesis based on existing theories (outsider)

Front 3

Emic

Back 3

Inductive perspective - analysis of data based on practical use (insider)

Front 4

Ethnocentrism

Back 4

The tendency to believe ones own culture is the best to judge the behavior and beliefs of culturally different people by ones own standards

Front 5

4 Subfields of Anthro

Back 5

Cultural, biological, archaeology, linguistics

Front 6

Culture

Back 6

Shared and learned behavior that has passed between generations

Front 7

Cultural relativism

Back 7

Looking at issues through the lens of the culture it is present in rather than by our own cultural standards

Front 8

George Foster

Back 8

First to define medical anthropology in the field

Front 9

Biocultural perspective

Back 9

The perspective that illness and disease are caused by biological factors such as germs or viruses

Front 10

Illness

Back 10

Subjective experience of symptoms and disabilities; local cultural orientation shapes our understanding and treatment options

Front 11

Disease

Back 11

What the practitioner sees to explain an illness

Front 12

Explanatory Model-Personalistic

Back 12

Illness can be caused by actions of other people or supernatural forces; look beyond natural causes

Front 13

Explanatory Model-Naturalistic

Back 13

Illness caused by impersonal, mechanistic causes in nature. They use scientific method to explain such as saying causes are injury, infection, malnutrition, and genetics

Front 14

Critical medical anthropology

Back 14

Look at health in the context of social, political and economic forces

Front 15

Evolutionary-ecological approach

Back 15

Analyzes the adaptive relationship between host, pathogen and environment

Front 16

Positivistic approach

Back 16

Reliable knowledge based on direct observation

Front 17

Interpretive approach

Back 17

Seeks to understand the meaning of illness/disease from individuals to collective perspectives

Front 18

Epidemiology

Back 18

Use of statistics to compare illness/disease occurrence in axes of social contexts

Front 19

Participant observation

Back 19

Direct contact with informants; the more time you spend with them, the more effective you'll be. Themes start to emerge in the conversations.

Front 20

Key Informant/subject

Back 20

Insiders with special knowledge, status or communication abilities. Relationship can affect relations with wider group

Front 21

Emerging diseases

Back 21

Microbes that cause newly recognized diseases in humans; spreads to new populations and locations

Front 22

Re-emerging diseases

Back 22

Global resurgence of long recognized infectious diseases such as TB, Dengue, malaria and cholera

Front 23

Prevalence

Back 23

The rate at which something appears to be affecting a population

Front 24

Incidence

Back 24

The rate at which something is affecting the population

Front 25

Medical pluralism

Back 25

The adoption of more than one medical system in a given culture (biomedical and non-biomedical treatments)

Front 26

Social authority

Back 26

Ability of a person or social group to influence the actions and/or decision making of others on the basis of social status and power.

Front 27

Natural selection

Back 27

Traits and genes that ensure the survival of a few species in a given environment

Front 28

Professional health sector

Back 28

Sector of health care designated to those who are professionally trained to treat illness/disease.

Front 29

Popular health sector

Back 29

Sector that focuses on home care and remedies passed down in the family. Has a high interaction with the other sectors because it is easily influenced.

Front 30

Folk health sector

Back 30

Sector that relied on the healing and practices of a shaman/folk healer who is not professionally trained.

Front 31

Syndemic

Back 31

Interacting health problems characteristic of a segment of human society

Front 32

Mortality

Back 32

The number of deaths from a specific disease in a given area and/or over a period of time

Front 33

Morbidity

Back 33

The number of individuals suffering from a specific disease in a given area and/or period of time

Front 34

Holism

Back 34

the theory that parts of a whole are in intimate interconnection, such that they cannot exist independently of the whole, or cannot be understood without reference to the whole.

Front 35

Beneficence

Back 35

concept in research ethics which states that researchers should have the welfare of the research participant as a goal of any clinical trial or other research study.