Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Category A |
No demonstrated risk of abnormalities |
|
|
Cat as gory B |
No demonstrated risk in human or animal studies |
|
|
Category 3 pregnancy |
Significant testing has not been done. |
|
|
Short duration |
20-40 minutes with pulp all duration |
|
|
Intermediate – |
up to 70 minutes |
|
|
Long duration |
Up to 6 hours |
|
|
Soft tissue anethesia |
Lasts longer |
|
|
Lidocaine |
The “gold standard” Amide Reliable Rapid onset Rare hypersensitivity, no cross-allergenicity Pulpal duration – 1 hour, soft tissue – up to 5 hours Anticonvulsant properties ◦ Depresses the excitability of the cortical neurons, raises seizure thresholds Twice as potent as procaine (p. 56) Twice as toxic as procaine and prilocaine Lidocaine Onset of action 2-3 minutes. Pregnancy category B Strong vasodilating effects – short duration with no epi Vasoconstrictor added – more profound and durable anesthesia |
|
|
Lidocaine plain |
Very short 5-10 min pulpal 60-120 min soft tissue |
|
|
Lidocaine with EPI |
Intermediate Pulpal 60 minutes Soft tissue 180-300 min |
|
|
Lidocaine duration |
PLAIN with EPI Very short Intermediate 5-10 min pulpal 60 minutes This characteristic differs the most. The more lipid |
|
|
Lidocaine potency |
2 X procaine (predecessor) Equal to mepivacaine and prilocaine 2/3 that of articaine ¼ that of bupivacaine Extended but not excessive duration, profound anesthesia |
|
|
Lidocaine maximum dose |
500 mg with epinephrine 300 mg(plain, with no epi; again, not available in dentistry) |
|
|
Lidocaine toxicity |
Relative Toxicity ◦ Twice that of PROCAINE and PRILOCAINE More toxic to the CNS and CVS than prilocaine Far less than prilocaine in patients with methemoglobenemia ◦ Similar to MEPIVACAINE and ARTICAINE Greater overdose-inducing potential than articaine Why? Far less than BUPIVACAINE This toxicity value assumes that the drug has not been |
|
|
Lidocaine is metabolized in |
The liver by acidases and amidases Hydrolysis 1/3 of lidocaine is eliminated |
|
|
Lidocaine excretion |
Less then 10% is excreted by kidney unchanged Low urine ph |
|
|
Vasoactivity |
Potent vasodilator - short duration if no vasoconstrictor is present. |
