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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Why is jugular notch important?
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Jugular venous arch lies deep to it
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What are the potential spaces in between the fascial layers? (2)
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1. Retropharygneal space
2. Danger zone (space 4) |
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Where is retropharyngeal space located?
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Between alar fascia & buccopharygneal fascia
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Significance of retropharyngeal space & danger zone (space 4)
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Abscesses in teeth can break through trap door into retropharyngeal space --> danger zone --> mediastinum & compromise mediastinal structures
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What happens if there is an abscess in the cervical vertebrae?
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Abscesses in cervical vertebral break through prevertebral fascia --> enter danger zone--> enter mediastinum & compromise structures
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Which nerve innervates the platysma?
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Facial nerve (VII)
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Action of Strap muscles?
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-Depress hylolaryngeal structures --> Important for swallowing & vocalization
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What is one potential risk during thyroid surgery?
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Parathyroid glands in same capsule as thyroid gland & there is a risk of removing them during surgery
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Embryonic reminant of thyroid gland found sometimes in adults?
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Pyramidal lobe
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If thyroid gland enlarges it can compromise surrounding structures, but is limited in upward expansion because?
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Attachment of strap muscles limits upward expansion
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Where is the thyroid ima artery located if it is present?
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Branching off brachiocephalic or arch of aorta --> at risk if surgeon is not aware of it, if it is cut there will be major blood loss into mediastinum
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Lesion of INTERNAL
laryngeal nerve? |
Loss of SENSATION- ABOVE vocal folds
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Lesion of EXTERNAL laryngeal nerve?
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Paralysis of CRICOTHYROID --> WEAKNESS
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Lesion of RECURRENT laryngeal nerve?
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-Paralysis of ALL muscles of larynx (EXCEPT cricothyroid) --> HOARSENESS
-Loss of SENSATION- BELOW vocal folds |
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External branch of the superior laryngeal nerve runs w/ which artery?
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Superior thryoid artery
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What nerve supplies motor innervation to the laryngeal muscles? which nerve does it hitch-hike w/?
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Motor to laryngeal muscles supplied by accessory nerve (XI) which hitch-hikes w/ vagus (X)
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What is the ANTERIOR boundary of anterior triangle?
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MIDLINE
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What is the POSTERIOR boundary of anterior triangle?
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Anterior border of SCM
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What is the SUPERIOR boundary of anterior triangle?
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Inferior border & angle of MANDIBLE to mastoid process
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What is the ROOF of the anterior triangle?
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INVESTING CERVICAL FASCIA
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What is the floor of the anterior triangle?
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Cervical viscera or vertebral column
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What are the 4 triangles within the anterior triangle?
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1. Submental triangle
2. Submandibular triangle 3. Carotid triangle 4. Visceral/ Muscular triangle |
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The FLOOR of the submental triangle is made up of?
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Mylohyoid muscles
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What are the contents of the SUBMENTAL triangle? (2)
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1. Submental LN
2. Anterior jugular veins |
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What are the contents of the SUBMANDIBULAR triangle? (4)
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1. Submandibular LN
2. Submandibular gland 3. Hypoglossal nerve CN XII 4. Parotid gland |
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What are the contents of the VISCERAL/MUSCULAR triangle? (4)
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1. Thyroid gland
2. Larynx 3. Trachea 4. Esophagus |
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What are the superficial veins present in the anterior triangle? (3)
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1. Arch of jugular vein
2. External jugular vein 3. Anterior jugular vein |
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What are the superficial cervical nerves present in the anterior triangle?
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1. Great auricular (sensory)
2. Transverse cervical (sensory) 3. Supraclavicular nerves (sensory) 4. Cervical branch of VII (motor) |
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What are the INFRAHYOID (strap) muscles? (4) superficial & deep
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Superficial:
1. Sternohyoid 2. Omohyoid Deep: 3. Thyrohyoid 4. Sternothyroid |
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Which 2 arteries supply the thyroid gland?
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1. Superior thyroid artery
2. Inferior thyroid artery |
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SUperior thyroid artery branches off which artery?
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Superior thyroid artery branches off EXTERNAL CAROTID
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Inferior thyroid artery branches off of which artery?
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Inferior thyroid branches from THYROCERVICAL TRUNK which comes off of SUBCLAVIAN
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Which artery to the thyroid is present 10% of the time branching from either the brachiocephalic artery or arch of aorta?
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THYROID IMA ARTERY
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What is the MAJOR blood supply to the thyroid?
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Inferior thyroid artery
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Venous drainage of the thyroid gland occurs via?
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Thyroid venous plexus
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Thyroid venous plexus drains to which veins?
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-Inferior thyroid vein --> L. brachiocephalic
-Superior & middle thyroid vein --> Internal jugular |
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Lymph drainage of the thyroid gland is accomplished by draining to which nodes?
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Pretrachical & Paratracheal -->
Sup. or Inf. Deep cervical (or go straight to deep cervical) --> Jugular trunk |
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Site of origin of embyronic development of thyroid gland?
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Basal midline of tongue
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What is the vestigial depression on the dorsum of tongue from thyroid tissue development called?
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Foramen cecum
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The superior pair of parathyroid glands are derived from which pharyngeal arch?
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Superior pair of parathyroid glands = 4th arch
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The inferior pair of parathyroid glands are derived from which pharyngeal arch?
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Inferior pair of parathyroid glands = 3rd arch
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Cystic remnants of thyroglossal duct occuring anywhere from foramen cecum --> thyroid gland?
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Thyroglossal duct cyst
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Parathyroid glands are supplied by which arteries?
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Superior pair -- superior thyroid
Inferior pair -- inferior thyroid |