Animal Science Review

Front 1

What is Animal Science

Back 1

the study of the vital functions of an animal

Front 2

Where are most feedlots located

Back 2

Tx (panhandle), Colorado, SW. Kansas

Front 3

What are Sire breeds bred for

Back 3

meat, muscle and growth (fast growing, muscular, late maturing, low milking)

Front 4

What are Maternal Breeds bred for

Back 4

being mothers (early maturing sexually, inherently fertile, moderate to heavy milking, small to moderate size)

Front 5

Where is the most cattle found in the world

Back 5

India

Front 6

What is the flow of beef industry

Back 6

cow/calf, stocker, feedlot, packer, retailer, consumer

Front 7

What is “Heterosis”

Back 7

cross breed (ability of offspring to out perform the average of the parents breed)

Front 8

Cows are located in what part of TX

Back 8

East TX

Front 9

Heiferette

Back 9

A heifer that has calved once, dried up, and is then fed for slaughter

Front 10

Bos Indicus Breeds

Back 10

Brahman, Gyr, Brangus, Santa Gertrudis, Beef Master

Front 11

Bos Tarus

Back 11

British and European lumped together

Front 12

3 British Breeds

Back 12

Angus, Short Horn, Hereford, Red Angus

Front 13

3 European

Back 13

Charolais, Chianina, Limousin, Maine Anjou, Saler, Simmental,

Front 14

Compensatory growth

Back 14

under nourished and then put in a proper nourished place to gain weight fast (Increased growth rate in response to previous undernourishment.)

Front 15

Dressing Percentage
-Fill
-Fat/Muscle

Back 15

amount of useable product- 62% (live weight vs carcass weight)
-fill- stomach/gut- contents of the digestive track (decrease weight)
-Fat/Muscle- increase weight

Front 16

What are 2 things looked for how we evaluate/ how we raise

Back 16

environment, consumer

Front 17

What Country leads in Swine

Back 17

China

Front 18

What Country leads in sheep

Back 18

Australia

Front 19

What is the permanent identification of a pig

Back 19

ear notch

Front 20

Cull

Back 20

To eliminate from the breeding population

Front 21

Roughage/ Concentrate

Back 21

Roughage- Low in energy, high in fiber
Concentrate- High in energy, low in fiber

Front 22

GOATS...
–Male of Breeding Age
–Mature Female
–Young Male
–Young Female
–Newborn
–Unsexed Male
–Unsexed Female
–Groups
–Genus
–Act of Breeding
–Act of Parturition

Back 22

GOATS...
–Male of Breeding Age- Buck
–Mature Female- Doe
–Young Male- Buck kid
–Young Female- Doe kid
–Newborn- Kid
–Unsexed Male- Wether
–Unsexed Female- Spayed
–Groups- Band
–Genus- Capra
–Act of Breeding- Serving
–Act of Parturition- Kidding

Front 23

POULTRY...
–Male of Breeding Age
–Mature Female
–Young Male
–Young Female
–Newborn
–Unsexed Male
–Groups
–Genus
–Act of Mating

Back 23

Poultry...
–Male of Breeding Age- Cock
–Mature Female- Hen
–Young Male- Chick
–Young Female- Chick
–Newborn- Chick
–Unsexed Male- Capon
–Groups- Flock
–Genus- Gallus
–Act of Mating- Mating

Front 24

Species Cross

Back 24

mating of animals of different species (most extreme) (jack + mare= mule)

Front 25

Crossbreeding

Back 25

mating of animals of different established breeds.

Front 26

Outcrossing

Back 26

mating of unrelated animals within the same breed

Front 27

Grading up

Back 27

Mating of purebred sires to commercial grade females and their female offspring for several generations (Mating System used to establish numbers of a new introduced breed.)

Front 28

Linebreeding

Back 28

a mild form of inbreeding- used in an attempt to maintain a high genetic relationship to an outstanding ancestor (Usually a Sire)

Front 29

Homozygous

Back 29

genes for a particular trait that are alike

Front 30

Heterozygous

Back 30

genes for a particular trait that are different

Front 31

Recessive

Back 31

not dominate

Front 32

Chromosome

Back 32

a structure in the nucleus containing a linear thread of DNA which transmits genetic information and is associated with RNA and histones

Front 33

Types of Fat

Back 33

Subcutaneous fat– fat under the skin
Intermuscular fat– fat between the muscles
Intramuscular fat– fat within the muscle fibers (marbling)
Kidney, Pelvic, & Heart Fat (KPH)– fat surrounding the major organs inside the body cavity

Front 34

Composite Breed

Back 34

control cross breed (brangus, bromin, beef master, breford, bromizine, branker)

Front 35

Study of Hormones

Back 35

endocrineology

Front 36

What year did Columbus bring cattle over

Back 36

1493

Front 37

First domesticated animal

Back 37

Sheep

Front 38

Yield grade vs Quality grade

Back 38

Yield= lean/fat- 1-5
Quality= marbling, quality, “eating quality”

Front 39

Circulatory system

Back 39

circulates blood

Front 40

Open female

Back 40

not pregnant

Front 41

“in heat”-

Back 41

receptive to being bred

Front 42

Simmental

Back 42

twin a lot

Front 43

DOMESTICATED-
Group Structure

Back 43

a. large social group (herd)
b. hierarchical (social) rank
c. can combine males with females

Front 44

LEFT EM WILD-
Group Structure

Back 44

a. Family Groupings
b. Territorial structure
c. males in separate groups

Front 45

DOMESTICATED-
Sexual Behavior

Back 45

a. promiscuous mating behavior

Front 46

LEFT EM WILD-
Sexual Behavior

Back 46

a. pair bond bating for season or life

Front 47

DOMESTICATED-
Parent Young Interaction

Back 47

a. critical period (imprint)
b. precocial young

Front 48

LEFT EM WILD-
Parent Young Interaction

Back 48

a. species-bond on the basis of species characteristics
b. altricial young

Front 49

DOMESTICATED-
Other Behavioral Characteristics

Back 49

a. eat wide range of food
b. adapt to a variety of environments
c. limited agility

Front 50

LEFT EM WILD-
Other Behavioral Characteristics

Back 50

a. specialized diet
b. require a specific habitat
c. extreme agility

Front 51

Colustrum contains

Front 52

Colustrum

Back 52

First Milk

Front 53

Colustrum

Back 53

First Milk