Animal Science 260 Quiz 1 Definitions

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Nutrient

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Any chemical, element or compound in the diet that supports normal maintenance of life processes, growth, reproduction, or production of products or work.

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Macronutrient

Back 2

Nutrient required by the animal in relatively large amounts.

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Micronutrient

Back 3

Nutrient required by the animal in relatively small amounts.

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Essential (Indispensable)

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Elements or compounds required in the diet that cannot be synthesized by the animal.

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Non-essential (Dispensable)

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Nutrients that can be synthesized y the animal from dietary precursors.

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Conditionally Essential

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Essential in the diet only under certain conditions such as gestation, lactation, rapid growth, etc.

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Digestion

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Preparation of food within the GI tract for absorption through physical and chemical changes to particle (molecule) size and structure.

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Absorption

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Passage of molecules from the lumen of the GI tract through the mucosal cells, into blood or lymph systems.

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Vitamin

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An organic compound required in tiny amounts for essential metabolic reactions in a living organism.

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Bio-molecules

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Occurs naturally in living organisms.

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Catalysts

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Increase rates of chemical reactions without being consumed.

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Substrates

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Molecule upon which an enzyme acts - substrates are changed during the reaction.

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Cofactor

Back 13

Non-protein chemical compound bound to an enzyme that is required for enzyme function.