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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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sensory
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afferent-conducts impulses from sensory receptors to CNS-pseudounipolar
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motor
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efferent-conducts impulses from CNS to effector organs-multipolar
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interneurons
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association neurons-located entirely in CNS
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myelin sheath
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neurons are surrounded by sucessive wrapping of supporting cell membranes
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repolarization
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opening of K+ gates and outward diffusino of K+ causes reestablishment of resting membrane potential
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action potential
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-opening of voltage-regulated gates produces these
-all-or-none events |
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gap junctions
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electrical synapses, found in cardiac, smooth, and regions of brain
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neurotransmitter
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ligand of the receptor
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monoamines
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seratonin, norepinephrine, epipinephrine, dopamine
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catecholamines
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activate adenylate cyclase in postsynaptic cell
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glutamate & aspartate
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excitatory in CNS
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nitric oxide
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local tissue regulator, neurotransmitter in CNS & PNS, promote smooth muscle regulation, and implicated in memory
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glycine & GABA
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inhibitory & produce hyperpolarizations
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polypeptides as neurotransmitters
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endogeneric opiods
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dopaminergic neurons
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development of Parkinson's disease & schizophrenia
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corpus callosum
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large fiber tract that connects 2 hemispheres
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5 regions of brain
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telencephalon, diencephalon, mesencephalon, myelencehalon, metencephalon
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cerebral cortex
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outer part of cerebrum that consists of gray matter
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ventricles
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cavities of the brain
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basal nuclei
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white matter; nuclei of gray matter
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long-term potentation
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phenomenon involved in some aspects of memory
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epithalamus
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contains choroid plexus, where cerebrospinal fluid is formed; pineal gland forms melatonin
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pyramidal tracts
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corticospinal tracts; begin in precentral gyrus
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extrapyramidal tracts
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reticulospinal tracts
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myelencephalon
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contains medulla oblongata
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pons
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nuclei for 4 pairs of nerves
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chemical synapses
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neurotransmitters packaged in synaptic vesicles, released by exocytosis into synaptic cleft
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acetylcholine receptors
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muscarinic & nicotinic
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metencephalon
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pons & cerebellum
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nicotonic
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enclose membrane channels and open when ACh bonds to receptor
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