Andy's Mnemonics Biochemistry

Front 1

Functions of the different RNA polymerases I, II and III?

Back 1

I,II,II = R.M.T
(rRNA, mRNA, and tRNA)

Front 2

Name the stop codons?

Back 2

UGA = U Go Away
UAA = U Are Away
UAG = U Are Gone

Front 3

What are the functions of the Golgi apparatus?

Back 3

Su.Pro.Dis.N.O.Man. !

Sulfation of sugars in proteoglycans and tyrosine
Proteoglycan assembly
Distribution center of proteins and lipids
N-oligosacc. modification on Asn
O-oligosacc. addition to serine and threonine
Mannose-6-Phophate addition to lysosomal proteins

Front 4

Collagen types?

Back 4

B.e C.ool R.ead B.ooks

Bone Cartilage Reticulin Basement membrane

Type X - epiphyseal plate

Front 5

What is S-adenosylmethionine?

Back 5

SAM the methyl donor man
(SAM regeneration is dependent on B12)

Front 6

The TCA cycle intermediates, starting from Citrate....?

Back 6

C.an I. K.eep S.elling S.ex F.or M.oney O.fficer?

Citrate
Isocitrate
(alpha)-Ketoglutarate
Succinyl CoA
Succinate
Fumarate
Malae
Oxaloacetate

Front 7

Name the enzymes responsible for gluconeogenesis?

Back 7

P.athway P.roduces F.resh G.lucose

Pyruvate carboxylase (mitochondria, the rest are cytosolic)
PEP carboxykinase
Fructose-1,6 bisphosphatase
Glucose-6-phosphatase

Front 8

G6PD deficiency?

Back 8

5H's - .
HMP shunt enzyme deficiency
Hurts RBCs by exposing them to oxidation, which normally is prevented by NADPH
Hemoglobin is altered, precipitates
Heinz bodies form
Hemolytic anemia results

Front 9

Name the essential amino acids?

Back 9

P.v.t. T.I.M. H.A.L.L.

Phe
Val
Thr
Typ
Ile
Met
His
Arg
Leu
Lys

Front 10

Name the components (intermediates and enzymes) of the urea cycle

Back 10

O.rdinarily, C.areless C.rappers A.re A.lso F.rivolous A.bout U.rination

Ornithine
Carbamoyl phosphate
Citrulline
Aspartate
Argininosuccinate
Fumarate
Arginine
Urination

Front 11

Cystinuria is caused by a defect of...?

Back 11

Renal tubular amino acid transporter for C.O.L.A.

Cystine
Ornithine
Lysine
Arginine

Front 12

Maple Syrup Urine disease?

Back 12

Blocked degradation of branched amino acids (Ile, Val, Leu)
I. L.ove V.ermont Maple Syrup

Front 13

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome?

Back 13

L.N.S. = Lacks Nucleotide Salvage (purine)

Front 14

What does the liver do generally during the fasting state?

Back 14

"In the Phasting state, Phosphorylate."

Front 15

Which tissues don't need insulin for glucose uptake?

Back 15

BRICK L:

Brain
RBCs
Intestine
Cornea
Kidney
Liver

Front 16

What are the anabolic affects of insulin?

Back 16

Gluck Sometimes Tries to Glide Professionally

Increased:
Glucose transport
Sodium retention by kidneys
Triglyceride snythesis and storage
Glycogen synthesis and storage
Protein synthesis by the muscles

Front 17

Pompe's?

Back 17

"Pompe's trashes the Pump"
(heart, liver, and muscle)
Glycogen storage disease

Front 18

Name the glycogen storage diseases?

Back 18

V.ery P.oor C.arbohydrate M.etabolism

Von Gierke's
Pompe's
Cori's
McArdle's

Front 19

Niemann-Pick?

Back 19

"NO MAN PICKS his nose with his SHPINGER" (shpingomyelinase)

Front 20

Tay Sachs?

Back 20

Tay SaX laX heXosaminidase

Front 21

Hunter's?

Back 21

"HUNTERS aim for the X" (X recessive

Front 22

What are the major apolipoproteins and what do they do?

Back 22

A-1 Activates LCAT
B-100 Binds to LDL receptor
C-II Cofactor for lipoprotein lipase
E - mEdiates Extra (remnant) uptake

Front 23

Symptoms of porphyrias?

Back 23

5P's -
Painful abdomen
Pink urine
Polyneuropathy
Psychological disturbances
Precipitated by drugs

Front 24

How to treat methemoglobinemia?

Back 24

"Treat toxic levels of METHemoglobin with METHylene blue"

Front 25

Imprinting: Angelman's and Prader-Willi syndrome?

Back 25

AngelMAN's and P.rader-Willi (P.aternal)

Front 26

Duchenne's - the molecular problem?

Back 26

Deleted dystrophin

Front 27

Trinucleotide repeat expansion diseases?

Back 27

"Try hunting for my fried eggs."

Try - trinucleotide
Hunting.ton's disease
My.otonic dystrophy
Fried.reich's ataxia
Eggs (Fragile X syndrome)

Front 28

Fragile X syndrome?

Back 28

Xtra-large testes, jaw, ears

Front 29

Edward's syndrome: what causes it?

Back 29

Election age = 18
T.risomy 18

Front 30

Patau's syndrome: what causes it?

Back 30

Trisomy 13
P.uberty = 13

Front 31

Cri-du-chat?

Back 31

CRI D.U. C.H.A.T

Dumb - mental retardation
Underdeveloped brain - microcephaly
Cardiac abnormalities
Hypertelorism
"Asian eyes" - epicanthal folds
Terminal deletion - of 5p

Front 32

22q11 syndromes

Back 32

CATCH 22
Cleft palate
Abnormal facies
Thymic aplasia --> T cell deficiency
Cardiac defects
Hypocalcemia secondary to parathyroid aplasia

Front 33

Vitamin A is aka?

Back 33

Retinol (think RetinA)

Front 34

Beriberi?

Back 34

Ber1Ber1 - Vitamin B1 deficiency

Front 35

Wernicke-Korsakoff?

Back 35

Were you drinking

Front 36

Vitamin B2... aka? Deficiency causes?

Back 36

I C.an S.ense C.razy F.lavor

FAD and FMN are derived from RiboFlavin

Cheilosis
Stomatitis (angular)
Corneal vascularization

Front 37

Vitamin B3?

Back 37

"B.e Ni.ce, or you'll get Pellagra"

3D's -
Diarrhea
Dermatitis
Dementia
Dreadful tongue (beefy glossitis)

Front 38

Biotin?

Back 38

AVIDIN in egg whites
AVIDly binds biotin

Front 39

Vitamin E

Back 39

"E is for Erythrocytes"

Front 40

Vitamin K

Back 40

"K for Koagulation"

Front 41

Kwashiorkor?

Back 41

Protein-deficient MEAL:

Malabsorption
Edema
Anemia
Liver (fatty)

Front 42

G protein linked 2nd messengers via phospholipase C?

Back 42

H.A.V. 1 M & M
H1 a1 V1 M1 M3

Front 43

G protein linked 2nd messengers via Adenylyl cyclase?

Back 43

MAD 2s
M2 a2 D2 (via Gi)
[the others in this group operate via Gs]