• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/38

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

38 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Stone Age characteristics
Identify:
12,000 yrs ago
hunterers-gatherers
Franchthi cave
Late Bronze Age characteristics
Identify:
linear B
Oral Tradition
7th C. BC
Identify:
writing
history= Trojan war
Neolithic
Identify:
7,000 - 3,000 BC
settled life
farming...
Trojan War
13th c. BC
Poems written -late 8th
early 7th c.
Land in Ancient Greece
Defines way of life and social structures.
70% mountain, 20%Agriculture
silver, stone, clay
grain, wine, oil
priesthood and religion
never at center of political/economic power
-unlike Egypt and Mesopotamia
Bronze Age
*3,000 BC
*impact on social/economic
**widens wealth gap
**aids work
*settlement hierarchy
**town vs. village
Middle Bronze Age
*2,100-1,600
*poorer
*1st high civilization in Europe
*language replaced > indo-euro
*fusion of new and old people
Minoan Civilization
*Knossos, Crete
*2300 Destruction
*2100- recover
*2000-complex social structure
*1375-final destruct Knossos Palace
*International Trade
*Supernatural Control Natural world
*Agrarian > Fertility
*Female Goddess
*Shaft graves
*Palace: running water, waste disposal, 300 rooms, 2-3 stories
Late Bronze Age
*Mycenaean
*1600-1200
*Tholos Tomb - Beehive
*customers of Minoans
*Greek language
*adopt linear A > palace records
*rule Crete by 1400's
*1400-1200 Glory Years
*Buildings less magnificent, megaron, combat themes
*rival mycenaean states
*chariots convey 2 battle, not during
*prestige
*1200 destruction, palace system vanished
*invaders?signs- < trade and > wars
What was the history of the ancient Greeks?
*Trojan War - Iliad and Odyssey
*700 BC- Hesiod
** Theogeny...
Dark Age
Identify:
*1200-700 BC
*Homer- consistent with continuity of social institutions
1200-1000
Huge Depopulation
Continuity in Dark Age
*same crafts, etc
*only palace workers affected
Production of Iron
*late 11th
*trade decrease and no bronze
1050-900
Protogeometric
Protogeometric
pottery decoration
takes place during Dark Age
faster wheel/glaze = higher Temp
circles and arcs and straight lines
origin in Attica
1050
Ionian Migration
Ionian Migration
settle attica then Ionia (Anatolia)
archaeology and dialect are shared with Athenians
950
almost all weapon and tools found are iron
Archaic Greece
*700-400 BC
*more change
*formative to Golden Age
*city states
*colonization
*pan-hellenic shrines/festivals
>nurtures cultural unity
*rational universe
*democratic government
*wars
*widening economic inequality
** class warfare
*instability > tyrant
*confidence and prosperity
*1st time speak of events with dates
Archaeological evidence
* more because greater wealth
*coins = 6th c.
*stone buildings
*inscriptions
*sculptures
Polis
*8th c.
*social/political organization
*elements exist in Dark Age
*Demos= territorial community
**homer> fighting men and council of elders
*religion- shrines connect country to town
Ethnos
*"tribe"
*regional territory and people
*single urban center
*central government

Ex: Boeotia = Thebans, Plataeans
city-state
*created by elites
*abolish basileus
*distribute power
*increase power of aristocratic elders (council)
*decrease Assembly of People
*more unified meant more intrusive
Dorian States
Argos-Pheidon (tyrant)
Sparta- 5 ephors
Corinth- Bacchiads- oligarch
Colonization
*mid 8th- 500 BC
*coincides with emergence of polis
*community decision
*early 6th - opportunity declines
500s
*Reform of Debts
*bondage increases
*chattel slavery increases
*Sparta and Helots
*redistribution of land
*citizenship tied to economic lines
*class divisions: rich(12-20%), Poor (20-30%), Middle (about 50%)
Warfare
*hoplite/hoplon
*phalanx
*equipment = 70 lbs.
*battles brief - no longer than an hour
**light casualties at %15
*Homer - death bad versus
Polis - death good
Sparta
*most powerful in Archaic and classical
*patriarchal, agruiculture, slavery, martial valor
*state instrusion extreme
*epitaphs only for death in battle and childbirth
*coin gold after classical
Sources of Spartan history
Herodotus, Thucydides, Xenophon, and Plutarch
Nature of Spartan History
*spartans do not write history before hellenistic period
*what is known is written in Hellenistic Period > "restore" Constitution of Lycurgus
*Way of life develop-archaic
*out of use end of 400's
*revived Hellenistic Period
Temple Artemis Orthia
*votive offerings in early Archaic Period
*6th c. -art, etc > low priority
*passage of life stages
*4 villages near Eurotas R. form city of Sparta
**Amyclae added in early 8th c.
Sparta and Land
*Difficulty satisfying needs with territory
*need more land for more people
*no colonization but conquer neighbors
*end of 8th- control Laconian Plain
*helots and perioiki
Social Hierarchy
*Helots outnumber 7 to 1
*perioiki- free, serve army, no government, crafts
725-720
First Messenian War
725
720
invade Messenia
Messenians not on olympic victor list