Anatomy Week 3?

Front 1

5 types of epithelial tissues

Back 1

Simple (1 layer, allow for molecules exchange)

Stratified (2+ layers, protection)

Pseudostratified (looks stratified but is simple)

Transitional (cells size varies with stretching)

Glandular (for secretion)

Front 2

Subtypes of stratified and simple cells

Back 2

Squamous (flat cells)

Cuboidal (cubed shape)

Columnar (tall thin)

Front 3

Types of glandular epithelial

Back 3

Exocrine glands (secret products onto body surface or cavity) muti (secretory and duct cells) uni cellular (mucus)

Endocrine glands (secret into blood) no ducts

Front 4

Trophoblast

Back 4

Outside of early blastocyst

Forms chorion

Front 5

Amnion sack

Back 5

The sack around the embryo

Front 6

Epiblast

Back 6

On top of hypoblast

Forms amnion

Front 7

Hypoblast

Back 7

Forms yolks sack

Front 8

Blastocyst embryonic disk

Back 8

Epiblast

Hypoblast

Front 9

4 types of connective tissues

Back 9

CT proper

Cartilage

BONE

Blood

Front 10

CT Proper subdivision

Back 10

Loose CT (highly vascular)

Dense CT (poor vascular)

Front 11

Areolar CT (matrix)

Back 11

Proper CT

Loosely arranged collagen and elastin fibers surrounded by ground substance

Front 12

Adipose CT

Back 12

Loose CT

Very little matrix

Front 13

Dense regular CT

Back 13

Collagen fibers run in the same direction

Front 14

Dense irregular CT

Back 14

Collagen fibers arranged irregularly

Front 15

Bone matrix

Back 15

Ground substance - hydroxyapatite and peoteoglycans

Collagen

Front 16

Cartilage matrix

Back 16

Fibers -collagen- elastin

Ground substance made of chondroitin sulphate & hyaluronic acid

Front 17

Blood matrix

Back 17

Fluid = plasma

Fiber = proteins

Front 18

3 types of cell junctions

Back 18

Tight junctions (partial fusion of specific proteins, form tight seal between cells)

Desmosomes (anchoring junctions)

Proteins that fasten cell to each other and/or extracellular material)

Gap junctions (open channel, interconnecting cytosols)

Allows for synchronization, important in heart!)

Front 19

Epithelial tissues characteristics

Back 19

Has one free surface

Little space between cells

Avascular

Front 20

Connective Tissues characteristics

Back 20

Mainly supports and connects tissues

Cells far apart, separated by extracellular matrix

Front 21

CT cell Types name ending

Back 21

BLAST - creates mateix

CYTE - maintain matrix

CLAST - break down matrix

Front 22

Pre embryonic period

Back 22

First 2 weeks

Zygote - blastocyst with bilayer embryonic disc

Front 23

Embryonic period

Back 23

3-8 weeks

3 germ layers

Embryonic membrane

Major organs mostly form

Limb buds differentiate

Heart begins to beat

Front 24

Fetal period

Back 24

9th -40 week

Growth and maturation of organs

Front 25

Matrix composition

Back 25

Fibres (proteins)

Ground substance

Water

Front 26

Types of Fibres in matrix

Back 26

Collagen (for strength)

Elastic fibres (containing the protein elastin, allow for stretch and recoil)

Reticular fibers (form network, part of CT basement membrane)

Front 27

Ectoderm

Back 27

Formed from epiblast

Part of the 3 germ layers

Will form nervous system and epidermis of skin

Front 28

Mesoderm

Back 28

Part of 3 germ layers

Will form muscles, cardiovascular system, dermis, and most bones (anything not on the inside or outside)

Front 29

Endoderm

Back 29

Form epithelial linings of systems and their associated glands

Front 30

Allantois

Back 30

Forms umbilical cord and urinary bladder

Front 31

Lumen

Back 31

Organ cavity

Front 32

Basel means

Back 32

Bottom

Front 33

Strati means

Back 33

Layers

Front 34

Apical layers

Back 34

Layer touching free surface

Front 35

Pseudo means

Back 35

False

Front 36

Epi means

Back 36

Top

Front 37

Pseudostratified characteristics

Back 37

Appears stratified (but simple)

Lines most of respiratory tract and ciliated

Front 38

Goblet cells (sub types)

Back 38

Secret mucus

Unicellular

Exocrine gland

Glandular

Epithelial

Front 39

Sudoriferous glands

Back 39

Sweat

Multicellular

Exocrine glands

Grandular epithelium

Epithelial

Front 40

Sebaceous glands

Back 40

Oil glands

Exocrine glands

Front 41

Ostero meaning

Back 41

Bone

Front 42

Chondro meaning

Back 42

Cartilage

Front 43

Ground substance composed of

Back 43

Interstitial fluid (part of blood plasma that leaks from capillaries)

Proteoglycans (proteins and carbohydrates)

Front 44

Lamina propria (subtypes)

Back 44

Only in mucous membranes

Subtypes

-Areolar CT

-CT proper

Front 45

4 membrane types

Back 45

Mucous membranes

Serous membranes (serosa)

Synovial membrane

cutaneous membrane

Front 46

Peri means

Back 46

Surround

Front 47

Mucous membranes

Back 47

Aka mucosa of the (digestive, respiratory... system)

Line cavities that open directly to body exterior

Front 48

Mucous membrane 2 layers

Back 48

Epithelial layer

CT layer

Front 49

Serous membranes

Back 49

Line closed cavities

Double membrane each composed of epithelial layer and CT (areolar)

-parietal layer (against cavity wall)

- visceral layer (against organ)

Serous fluid between layers

Front 50

Pleura means

Back 50

Lung

Serous membrane

Front 51

Peritoneum

Back 51

Abdominal organs

Front 52

Pericardium

Back 52

Heart

Front 53

Synovial membranes

Back 53

In joints

Areolar CT

NO epithelium tissue

Only ONE tissue type

Front 54

Cutaneous membranes

Back 54

Aka skin

Epithelium - stratified squamous

CT - areolar and dense irregular

Front 55

Membrane carbohydrates

Back 55

Cell recognition

Anchor cells

Front 56

Microvilli

Back 56

Increase surface area

Front 57

Hyaluronic acid

Back 57

Makes up ground substance

Front 58

Albumin

Back 58

Protein

Front 59

Example of dense irregular ct

Back 59

Dermis if skin

Front 60

Example of dense regular ct

Back 60

Tendons and ligaments

Front 61

Lacunae

Back 61

Cavities in the matrix

Front 62

Kinetochore

Back 62

Site of attachment of spindle microtubules on either side of sister chromatids (used to help move them)