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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the average output of urine for a healthy normal adult in a day? |
1500 mL |
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What are the male gonads called? |
The Testes |
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What is the name for a fertilized egg developing within the uterus |
zygote |
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what is the exocrine function of the male testes |
testosterone production |
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what are the sperm forming factories |
seminiferous tubules |
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What are the components of semen |
sperm and sminial plasm |
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what percentage of fluid volume of semen is produced by the seminal vesicles |
60% |
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what is the main purpose of the milky colored fluid secreted from the prostate gland |
to activate sperm |
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when does spermatogenesis begin |
during puberty |
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what is the final outcome of meiosis within both the testicles and ovaries |
four gametes |
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how many chromosomes does each spermatid and ovum have |
23 chromosomes |
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how long does the entire process of each spermatid and ovum take |
64-72 days |
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what are the secondary sex characteristics typical of males? |
deepening of voice, enlargement of skeletal muscles, increased body hair growth |
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where does the fertilization usually occur |
the fallopian (uterine) tube |
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how long does the journey of the oocyte through the uterine tubes to the uterus following ovulation take |
3-4 days |
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what is the superior rounded region of the uterus above the entrance of the uterine tubes |
the fundals |
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what is the inner mucosal layer of the uterus that is sloughed off approximately every 28 days |
the endometrium |
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what is the method of birth control available to men only |
vasectomy |
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what hormone is responsible for ovulation |
lutenizing hormone |
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how long is the menstrual cycle |
28 days |
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what are the secondary sex characteristics of young women |
enlargement of accessory organs of reproduction, appearance of axillary and pubic hair, breast development |
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what is the primary product of corpus luteum |
progesterone |
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what are the modified sweat glands in male and females |
mammory glands |
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what are the clusters of specific glands that produce milk when a woman is lactating |
alveolar glands |
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for a sperm cell to fertilize an ovum, how soon before ovulation must sexual intercourse occur |
72 hours |
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at what point of embryonic development are all the organ systems formed at least in rudimentary form and the embryo looks distinctly human |
by the 8th week |
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what is the hormone produced by the placenta that causes the pelvic ligaments and pubic symphysis to relax |
relaxin |
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what is the normal period of human gestation as calculated from the last menstrual period |
280 days |
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what two hormones/chemicals initiate labor |
prostaglandis and oxytocin |
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what are the triangular regions of the kidneys that are striped in appearance and separated by the renal columns |
medullary pyramids |
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what is the correct pathway of the arterial blood supply through the kidney |
renal artery, interlober arteries, arevate arteries, interlobular arteries |
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what is the enlarged, cup shape closed end of the renal tubule that completely surrounds the glomerulus |
bowmans capsule |
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how many nephrons are in each kidney |
about 1 million |
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what is the correct order of the renal tubule regions starting from the glomerular capsule |
proximal convoluted tubule, loop of henle, distal convoluted tubule |
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where are the most nephrons located in the kidneys |
renal cortex |
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what are the characteristics of urine under normal healthy conditions |
slightly alkaline, typically contains ammonia and is sterile |
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what is normally the composition of urine |
urea, uric acid, creatine |
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what type of cells allow the bladder to expand as urine accumulates within it |
transitional epithelial |
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about how much urine causes the average adult bladder to become moderately full |
500 mL |
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in one 24 hour period, about how much blood plasma do the kidneys of an average sized healthy adult filter through their glomeruli into the tubules |
150-180 liters |
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what are the major homeostatic roles of the kidneys in normal healthy adults |
maintenance of water balance of the blood, maintenance of electrolyte balance of the blood, ensuring proper blood PH |
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where is extracellular fluid found in the body |
humors of the eye and lymph, interseminal fluid, blood plasma |
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what is the main hormone that acts on the kidneys to regulate sodium ion concentration of extracellular fluid |
aldosterone |
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what percentage of sodium is reabsorbed within the proximal convoluted tubules of the kidney |
80% |
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what is the chemical buffer system that includes carbonic acid and its salt |
the bicarbonate buffer systemq |
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what is carbon dioxide converted into for transport within blood plasma |
bicarbonate ion |
