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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Plantar Aponeurosis
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Tough fascial layer, superficial to the muscle layers. Has lateral and medial extensions called plantar fascia.
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First Layer of Intrinsic foot muscles
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Flexor Digitorum Brevis
Abductor Hallucis brevis Abductor digiti minimi |
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Second Layer of Intrinsic foot muscles
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Tendons of flexro digitorum longis
Tendons of flexor hallucis longus Lumbricals Quadratus plantae |
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Third Layer of Intrinsic foot muscles
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Flexor hallucis brevis
Flexor digit minimi Adductor Hallucis muscle |
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Forth Layer of Intrinsic foot muscles
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7 interosseus muscles
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Medial compartment
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Flexor hallucis brevis
abductor hallucis Tendon of the flexor allucis longus |
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Flexor hallucis Brevis muscle
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Origin: Cuboid and lateral cuneform bones.
Inserts: On both sides of base of first phalanx (via sesmoid bones). Action: Flexes great toe Innervation: Medial plantar nerve |
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Abductor hallucis Muscle
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Origin: Calcaneus and surrounding fascia
Inserts: Medial side of base of proximal phalanx on great toe Action: Abducts and flexes hallux Innervation: Medial plantar nerve |
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Lateral Compartment
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Flexor digiti minimi brevis muscle
Abductor Digiti minimi muscle Tendon of the flexor digitorum longus to 5th toe |
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Flexor Digiti Minimi Muscle
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Origin: Base of 5th metatarsal
Inserts: Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx. Action: Flexes MTP joint of 5th digit Innervation: Lateral plantar Nerve |
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Abductor Digiti Minimi Muscle
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Origin: Calcaneus and surrounding fascia
Inserts: Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th toe Action: Abducts and flexes 5th digit Innervation: Lateral plantar nerve |
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Central Compartment
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Flexor digitorum Brevis
Quadratus plantae 4 Lumbricals Tendon of flexor digitorum longus |
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Flexor Digitorum Brevis muscle
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Origin: Calcaneus and deep surface of plantar aponeurosis
Inersts: Middle phalanx Dividing around longus tendon. Action: Flexes digits 2-5 Innervation: Medial plantar Nerve |
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Quadratus Plantae Muscle
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Origin: Medial and lateral sides of calcaneus
Inserts: Tendon of flexor digitorum longus. Action: Assists flexor digitorum longues in flexing lateral 4 digits. Innervation: Lateral planter nerve |
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Lumbrical Muscles
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Origin: Tendons of flexor digitorum longus
Inserts: Medial side of extensor expansion Action: Flexes proximal phalynx, extends middle and dista; phalanges Innervation: 1 medial - Medial plantar nerve 3 lateral - lateral plantar nerve |
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Adductor/Interosseus compartment
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Oblique and transverse heads of adductor halucis muscle
3 plantar interosseus muscles (adduct) 4 dorsal interosseus muscles (abduct) |
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Adductor Halucis muscle
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Origin: Oblique head - Bases of metatarsals 2-4
Transverse head - MTP joint capsule Inserts: With lateral tendon of flexor hallucis brevis on lateral side of base of proximal phalanx. Action: Adducts hallucis and helps maintain transverse arch Innervation: Lateral plantar nerve |
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Plantar Interosseus muscles
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Origin: Unipenate. 3rd, 4th, and 5th metatarsal bones.
Inserts: Base of first proximal phalanges of correspinding toes, medial side. Action: Adducts toes Innervation: lateral plantar nerve |
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Dorsal Interosseus muscles
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Origin: Bipenate. From adjacent metatarsal bones
Inserts: First 2 insert on opposite sides of 2nd toe. Other 2 insert on lateral side of 3rd and 4th toes. Action: Abducts toes Innervation: Lateral plantar nerve |
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Medial plantar nerve
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Terminal branch of tibial artery. Enters foot passing deep to abductor hallucis muscle. Innervates abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, flexor hallucis brevis, and medial lumbrical muscle. Cutaneous sensation to medial 3.5 toes.
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Lateral plantar nerve
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Terminal branch of tibial nerve. Enters foot with medial plantar nerve but passes laterally between flexor digitorum brevis and quadratus plantae. Innervates muscles on dorsum of foot medial dosent. Divides into superficial and deep branches.
Superficial - flexor dig. min, interosseus muscles Deep - Follows deep plantar arch and innervates remaining muscles |
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Medial Plantar artery
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Branch of the posterior tibial artery. Stays medial on dorsal foot. May attempt to make a superficial arch connecting to lateral.
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Lateral Planar Artery
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Branch of posterior tibial artery. Forms deep plantar arch by joining perforating branches of the dorsalis pedis artery and anastamoses with the arcuate artery.
Deep plantar arch gives off plntar metacarpal arteries > plantar digital arteries. |
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What do feet sit on when we are standing?
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Calcaneus, 2-5th metatarsals, and sesemoid bones of first metatarsal.
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