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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Opthalmic Division of Trigeminal Nerve (Branches and function)
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Sensory from top of head to front and tip of nose.
-Supraorbital nerve (supraorbital foramen) -Supratrochlear nerve -Lacrimal nerve (superior orbital fissure) -Infratrochelar nerve -External nasal nerve |
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Maxillary Division of Trigeminal Nerve (Branches and function)
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Sensory from nose to lips and up side of head.
-Infraorbital nerve (infraorbital foramen) -Zygomaticotemporal nerve (zygomaticotempral foramen -Zygomaticofacial nerve (zygomaticofacial foramen) |
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Mandibular Division of Trigeminal Nerve (Branches and function)
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Motor and Sensory. Motor innervation of muscles of mastication. Sensory of lower lip to chin and up side of head in front of ear.
-Auriculotemporal Nerve -Buccal Nerve -Mental Nerve (mental foramen) |
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Superficial Fascia of Face
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Thin over eyelids, thick over cheeks (which has buccal fat pad).
Contains blood vessels, motor nerves to facial muscles, sensory nerves to skin of face. Muscles of facial expression pass through it. |
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Deep Fascia
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Nearly absent over muscles.
Parotid Fascia - thick and strong Bucoopharyngeal Fascia - covers buccinator muscle and extends posteriorly to cover pharyngeal constrictor muscles. Temporal Fascia - Strong fascia over temporal fossa attached to superior temporal line and zygomatic arch. |
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Epicranius Muscle
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Consists of frontal belly and occipital belly connected by galea aponeurotica.
Frontalis Origin: galea aponeurotica Insertion: Skin of eyebrow Action: Draws scalp backwards and elevates eyebrows Innervation: Temporal of CN 7 |
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Orbicularis Oculi Muscle
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Palpebral Part
Origin: Medial palpebral ligament Inserts: Lateral palpebral raphe Action: blinks eye, closes orbit Innervation: Temporal and zygomatic branch of CN 7 Orbital Part Origin: Nasal part of frontal bone Inserts: Frontal process of maxilla Action: Tightly covers globe. Also helps drain tears. Innervation temporal and zygomatic branches of CN7 |
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Corrugator Supercilli Muscle
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Origin: Supercilliary arch
Inserts: Skin of medial half of eyebrow Action:Creates vertical wrinkles in skin between eyebrows Innervation: Temporal and Zygomatic branches of Cn 7 |
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Procerus Muscle
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Origin: Nasal Bone/Lat. nose cartilage.
Insertes: Skin of lower forehead between eyebrows. Action: Scrunches between eyebrows Innervation: Buccal Nerve of Cn 7 |
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Nasalis Muscle
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Transverse Part
Origin: Maxilla Lateral to nose Inserts: Midline/dorsum of nose/aponeurosis Action:? Alar part Origin: Maxilla, over lateral incisor Inserts: Alar cartilage of nose Action: ? Innervation: Buccal branch of CN 7 |
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Levator Labii Superioris Alaque Nasi Muscle
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Origin: Maxilla/Frontal process
Insert: Alar cartilage of nose and upper lip Action: Dialates Nostril and raises upper lip (disgust) Innervation: Buccal branch of CN 7 |
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Levator Labii Superioris
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Origin: Maxilla
Inserts: Skin of upper lip/orbicularis oris muscle Action: Elevates Upper lip (horse) Innervation: Buccal Branch of CN 7 |
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Levator Anguli Oris Muscle
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Origin: Maxilla
Inserts: Skin at corner of mouth/obicularis oris muscle Action: Smiling (mona lisa) Innervation: Buccal Branch of CN 7 |
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Zygomaticus Major Muscle
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Origin: Zygomatic Bone
Inserts: Skin at corner of mouth/oricularis oris muscle Action: Pulls corners of mouth upwards and lateral Innervation: Buccal Branch of CN 7 |
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Zygomaticus Minor Muscle
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Origin: Zygomatic Bone
Inserts: Skin at corner of mouth/oricularis oris muscle Action: Elevates lateral part of upper lip Innervation: Buccal Branch of CN 7 |
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Buccinator
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Origin: Pterygomandibular raphe, maxilla, and mandible.
Inserts: Angle of mouth/obicularis oris muscle Action: Closes lips, chews food, sucking, blowing. |
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Risorius Muscle
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Origin: Fascia over masseter muscle
Inserts: Skin over corner of mouth Action: Broadens smile Innervation: Bucal branch of CN 7 |
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Obicularis Oris Muscle
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Origin: Muscle fibers surrounding the mouth
Inserts: Integument of lips/adjacent muscles Action: Closes mouth Innervation: Bucal Branch of CN 7 |
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Depressor Anguli Oris Muscle
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Origin: Mandible
Inserts: Skin at corner of mouth/adjacent muscles Action: Depresses Lower Lip (presedential) Innervation: Mandibular branch of CN 7 |
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Depressor Labi Inferioris Muscle
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Origin: Mandible
Inserts: Integument of lower lip/adjacent muscles Action: Depresses lower lip Innervation: Mandibular Branch of CN 7 |
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Mentalis Muscle
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Origin: Mandible/incisive fossa
Inserts: Skin of chin Action: Dimples chin Innervation: Mandibular Branch of CN 7 |
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Platysma Muscle
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Largest muscle of facial expression
Origin: Superficial fascia, clavical and pectoralis Inserts: Fascia over lower mandible, skin over lower face Action: Depresses corners of mouth, widens oral aperture Innervation: Cervical Branch of CN 7 |
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Parotid Gland Relationships
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Superior: External acoustic meatus and TMJ
Posterior: Mastoid process and SCM Anterior: Ramus of mandible, masseter, and medial pterygoid muscle Medial: Styloid process, posterior belly of digastric, stylohyoid, stylopharyngeus, styloglossus muscle, external carotid artery. |
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Structures passing through parotid gland
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Facial nerve and its branches
retromandibular vein external carotid artery |
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Structures emerging from margins of parotid gland
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-Parotid Duct - crosses masseter, pierces buccinator @ lvl of 2nd upper molar
-Superficial temporal artery and vein -Auriculotemporal Nerve -Branches of facial nerve -Transverse facial Artery -Posterior auricular artery and vein |
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Path of facial nerve pre parotid gland
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Exits skull via stylomastoid foramen.
Supplies posterior belly of digastric and stylohyoid muscles gives off posterior auricular nerve then enters parotid gland |
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5 Branches of facial nerve post parotid gland (Superior to Inferior)
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Temporal
Zygomatic Buccal Mandibular Cervical |
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Path of facial artery
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Leaves external carotid and passes through submandibular gland. Travels up face, gives off inferior and superior labial arteries to the lower and upper lip and continues up face lateral to nose as angular artery.
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Deep Facial Vein
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Allows Angular facial vein/facial vein to communicate with pterygoid plexus.
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Scalp Acronym
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Skin
Connective tissue (very dense, gaps when cut and bleeds profusely) Aponeurosis (between here and connective tissue is where blood vessels are) Loose connective tissue (alows epicranius to move) Periosteum |
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Nerves of Scalp
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Trigeminal, anterior primary rammus of C2 and C3 of cervical plexus, posterior primary rammus of c2 and c3
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Blood supply of scalp
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Supraorbital and supratrochlear branches of opthalmic artery of internal carotid
Posterior auricular, occipital, maxillary, and superficial temporal branches of external carotid |