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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
anatomy
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study of the structure of an organism and the relationship of its parts
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appendicular skeleton
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bones of the upper and lower extremities of the body
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articulation
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joint
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axial skeleton
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the bones of the head, neck, and torso
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bursae
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small, cushion-like sacs found between moving body parts, making movement easier
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cancellous bone
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bone containing trabeculae; also known as spongy bone
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cell
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basic biological and structural unit of the body consisting of a nucleus surrounded by cytoplasm and enclosed by a membrane
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compact bone
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dense bone; contains Haversian systems
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cranial nerve
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any of 12 pairs of nerves that attach to the undersurface of the brain & conduct impulses between the brain & structures in the head, neck & thorax
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dermis
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deeper of 2 major layers of the skin, composed of dense fibrous connective tissue interspersed w/glands, nerve endings & blood vessels
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enzyme
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biochemical catalyst allowing chemical reactions to take place; functional proteins that regulate various metabolic pathways of the body
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epidermis
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outermost layer of skin; "false" skin
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homeostasis
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relative constancy of the normal body's internal environment
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insertion
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attachment of a muscle to the bone that it moves when contraction occurs
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integumentary system
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skin & it's related parts
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ligament
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band of white fibrous tissue connecting bones to other bones
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matrix
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intracellular substance of a tissue
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melanin
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brown pigment primarily in skin and hair
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membrane
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thin, sheetlike structure
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meninges
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fluid-containing membranes surrrounding the brain & spinal cord
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metabolism
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complex, intertwining set of chemical processes by which life is made possible for a living organism
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nervous system
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brain, spinal cord, and nerves
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neuroglia
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nonexcitable supporting cells of a nervous tissue (glia).
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neuron
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nerve cell, including its processes (axons/dendrite).
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neurotransmitter
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chemicals by which neurons communicate; the substance is released by a neuron, diffuses across the synapse, and binds to teh postsynaptic neuron
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organelle
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cell organ
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origin
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attachment of a muscle to the bone, which doesn't move when contraction occurs.
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physiology
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study of body function
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reflex
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automatic involuntary reaction to a stimulus resulting from a nerve impulse passing over a reflex arc.
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skeletal system
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bones, cartilage & ligaments that provide the body w/ a rigid framework for support & protection
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spinal nerve
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nerve that connects the spinal cord to peripheral structures such as the skin & skeletal muscles.
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synapse
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membrane-to-membrane junction between a neuron & another neuron, effector cell, or sensory cell; function to propagate action potential
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tendon
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bands or cords of fibrous connective tissue that attach a muscle to a bone or other structure.
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