Anatomy & Physiology: The Human Cell: Vocabulary

Front 1

folds of membrane that form flattened channels and tubular canals

Back 1

endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

Front 2

three substances contained within a nucleolus

Back 2

proteins
RNA
DNA

Front 3

the four main functions of membrane proteins

Back 3

carriers
channels
enzymes
receptors

Front 4

the two types of cell identity markers in the cell membrane

Back 4

glycolipids
glycoproteins

Front 5

the largest organelle in the cell

Back 5

nucleus

Front 6

The cytoplasm is the substance of the cell within the ________ and outside the ________.

Back 6

membrane
nucleus

Front 7

double-layered membrane that surrounds the nucleus

Back 7

nuclear envelope

Front 8

The ________ is found inside the nucleus and makes ribosomes.

Back 8

nucleolus

Front 9

The cytoplasm is mostly made of water, but also contains ________, nutrients, ________, and dissolved ________.

Back 9

salts
wastes
gases

Front 10

location of aerobic respiration

Back 10

mitochondrion
plural: mitochondria

Front 11

has a large surface area due to its looping membrane

Back 11

endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

Front 12

function of the cell membrane

Back 12

regulates passage of molecules into and out of the cell

Front 13

provide means of communication between nucleus and cytoplasm

Back 13

nuclear pores in nuclear envelope

Front 14

cristae found within its outer membrane

Back 14

mitochondrion

Front 15

the control center of the cell

Back 15

nucleus

Front 16

another term for interstitial (intercellular) fluid

Back 16

internal environment

Front 17

studded with ribosomes

Back 17

rough endoplasmic reticulum
(rough ER)

Front 18

functions are packaging and secretion

Back 18

Golgi body
(Golgi apparatus, complex)

Front 19

the three main parts of a human cell

Back 19

cell(plasma)membrane
cytoplasm
organelles

Front 20

term for cell division

Back 20

mitosis

Front 21

the "gatekeeper" of the cell

Back 21

cell membrane

Front 22

The function of the nucleolus is ________ formation.

Back 22

ribosome

Front 23

uses DNA to regulate cellular activities

Back 23

nucleus

Front 24

the cell's environment

Back 24

cytoplasm

Front 25

The funtion of the lysosome is intracellular ________.

Back 25

digestion

Front 26

four main parts of the nucleus

Back 26

nuclear envelope
chromatin
nucleolus
nucleoplasm

Front 27

three substances in the cell membrane besides phospholipids and integral proteins

Back 27

cholesterol
glycolipids
glycoproteins

Front 28

cell membrane model showing bilayer of phospholipids and protein molecules

Back 28

fluid-mosaic model

Front 29

composed of DNA and protein

Back 29

chromosomes

Front 30

creates proteins

Back 30

ribosome

Front 31

recognize similar cells or dangerous foreign cells

Back 31

cell identity markers

Front 32

openings throughout the nuclear envelope

Back 32

nuclear pores

Front 33

substance produced in the nucleolus that is vital to protein synthesis

Back 33

ribosomal RNA
(rRNA)

Front 34

two types of extracellular fluid

Back 34

interstitial (intercellular)
plasma (lymph when in lymphatics)

Front 35

the two main parts of the cell membrane

Back 35

bilayer of globular and phospholipid proteins

Front 36

fluid inside of a cell

Back 36

intracellular fluid
(cytosol)

Front 37

recycles worn-out products

Back 37

lysosome

Front 38

two classifications of movement of materials across the cell membrane

Back 38

passive processes
active processes

Front 39

concentrated area of RNA

Back 39

nucleolus

Front 40

two means of communication via cell membranes

Back 40

receptors
identity markers

Front 41

fluid outside of body cells

Back 41

extracellular fluid

Front 42

the cellular contents between the cell membrane and the nucleus

Back 42

cytoplasm

Front 43

fluid portion of the nucleus

Back 43

nucleoplasm

Front 44

highly organized cellular structures specialized for specific functions

Back 44

organelles

Front 45

the study of cells

Back 45

cytology

Front 46

function is transport by means of vesicles

Back 46

endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

Front 47

loose mass within the nucleus that is formed from DNA and protein

Back 47

chromatin

Front 48

process by which white blood cells engulf and destroy bacteria

Back 48

phagocytosis