Anatomy & Physiology Lab Final

Front 1

What are the blood vessels associated with the heart chamber right atrium? What area of the body is the blood returning from? What is the valve associated with this chamber?

Back 1

Blood vessels: superior/inferior venae cavae
Blood returning from: head and body
Valve: right tricuspid (AV) valve

Front 2

What are the blood vessels associated with the heart chamber left atrium? What area of the body is the blood returning from? What is the valve associated with this chamber?

Back 2

Blood vessels:
right/left pulmonary veins
Blood returning from: lungs
Valve: left bicuspid (mitral) (AV) valve

Front 3

What are the blood vessels associated with the heart chamber right ventricle? What area of the body is the blood returning from? What is the valve associated with this chamber?

Back 3

Blood vessels: pulmonary trunk
Blood returning from: right atrium
Blood traveling to: pulmonary trunk then heads diagonally to the right/left pulmonary arteries and finally to the lungs
Valve: pulmonary (SL)valve

Front 4

What are the blood vessels associated with the heart chamber left ventricle? What area of the body is the blood returning from? What is the valve associated with this chamber?

Back 4

Blood vessel: aorta
Blood returning from: left atrium
Blood traveling to: aorta then heads to the aortic branch and finally to the systemic circuit
Valve: aortic (SL) valve

Front 5

What are the arteries that come off of the aortic arch?

Back 5

brachiocephalic artery, left subclavian artery, left common carotid artery

Front 6

What are the unique features of human fetal circulation? Specifically the umbilical arteries and vein

Back 6

1. oval opening(foramen ovale): an opening btwn the atria
2. Arterial duct (ductus arteriosus): a short, stout vessel leading directly from the pulmonary trunk to the aorta
3. umbilical arteries: take blood from the iliac arteries to the placenta
4. umbilical vein: returns blood from the placenta to the liver
5. venous duct(ductus venosus): a continuation of the umbilical vein that takes blood to the inferior vena cava

Front 7

External iliac vein

Back 7

Vein of the lower extemity, abdomen, and pelvis
source: femoral veins
drains to: common iliac vein
artery: external iliac artery
drains from: inferior epigastric veins(significance Hesselbach's triangle)

Front 8

Dorsal Aorta

Back 8

artery of the upper body of the fetal pig. The aorta makes an arch and then continues as the dorsal aorta.
gives branches to the yolk-sac, and are continued backward through the body-stalk as the umbilical arteries to the villi of the chorion. Two dorsal aortae combine to become the desending aorta later in development

Front 9

Pulmonary Arch

Back 9

In developing fetus ductus arteriosus is a shunt connecting the pulmonary artery to the aortic arch- this allows the blood from the right ventricle to bypass the fetus's fluid filled lungs. The shunt protects fetus's lungs from overworking/allows time for right ventricle to strengthen

Front 10

Gallbladder

Back 10

Function: Stores and releases bile which aids the digestion of fats.
Located: Embedded in the liver on the underside of the right lobe-
Description:small greenish sac.
Cooperating structures:
Bile canals enter bile ducts that take bile away from each lobule of the liver for storage in the gallbladder

Front 11

Pyloris Sphincter Mucle

Back 11

muscular valve connecting the stomach to the duodenum and regulating flow of materials out of the stomach

Front 12

Parathyroids

Back 12

def: parathyroid glands
are small endocrine in the neck located usually behind the thyroid gland
produce: parathyroid hormone(PTH)Polypetide containing 84 amino acids.
Importance: Acts to increase the concentration of calcium in the blood.
Affects: BONE-Helps form new octyoclasts which ultimately enhances reabsorption of bone
KIDNEY: enhances calcium reabsorption in distal tubes
INTESTINE: enhances absorption of calcium by increasing production of Vit D
High level of PTH in blood= Hyperparathyroidism

Front 13

Spleen

Back 13

def: a lymphoid organ in the lymphatic system.
in body:long reddish organ attached to the stomach by mesentery Contains:white/red blood cells
Function: Purifies blood/disposes of worn-out red blood cells

Front 14

Greater Omentum

Back 14

stems from: dorsl mesentary(organs in abdomen attached to the abdominal wall) of the peritoneum
located: greater curvature from stomach and spleen.
Contains: Adipose tissue
Function: Drapes in front of the intestine like and apron
acts as a insulating or protective layer.
qualities: largest fold,double sheet of peitoneum=4 layers
2 layers descend stomach>commensment to deodenum>small intestine>
ascend traverse colon-they seperate and enclose the intestine.

Front 15

Ovary

Back 15

def: female reproductive organ
located: small bodies suspended from the peritoneal wall in mesenteries, posterior to kidneys.
contain: follicles in various stages of maturation
produces: (primary follicle)female sex hormones estrogen and progestrone(secondary follicle)oocyte(bursts from the ovary during ovulation.
Graafian follicle(fluid-filled, vesicular follicle)which releases the egg during ovulation.
function: produces eggs and sex hormones

Front 16

Kidney internal parts

Back 16

def: organ that filters wastes
location: posterior part of the abdomen(adrenal gland sits on top of the kidney)
description: reddish organ covered by peritoneum
inside anatomy: renal pelvis(outermost portion), renal cortex(perpindicular to renal pelvis),renal medulla(deep to renal pelvis, nephrons(deep to medulla). Nephrons are excretory tubles.
supporting anatomy: ureters, urinary bladder, urethra,
ox+ enters renal artery,
deox- exits renal vein

Front 17

Seminal vesicles

Back 17

def: pair of simple tubular glands postinferior to the urinary bladder in males.
anatomy: ducts of seminal vesicles enter into the vas deferens as it enters the prostrate
contains:protein, enzymes, fructose,mucus, Vit C,flavins, phosphorylcholine, and prostaglandins(high fructose concentration provide nutrients to spermatoza while traveling through female reproductive system)
function: secretes 70% of fluid that becomes semen
fluid excreted under symathetic contraction