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66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The study of joints is called? |
anthrology |
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What is another name for a joint? |
articulation |
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What are the four structural classifications of joints? |
Bony Fibrous Cartilaginous Synovial |
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Which type of joint lacks a joint cavity and the two separate bones are fused? |
Bony |
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Which type of joint lacks a joint cavity but cartilage binds the articulating bones? |
Cartilaginous |
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Which type of lacks a joint cavity but has a fibrous connective tissue connecting the articulating bones? |
Fibrous |
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Which type of joint has a joint cavity? |
Synovial |
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The sutures would be structurally classified as what type of joints? |
fibrous |
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The connection between the tibia and fibula would be structurally classified as what type of joint? |
Fibrous
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The joints between the pelvic bones and the vertebrae would be structurally classified as what type of joint? |
Cartilaginous |
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The knee joint would be structurally classified as what type of joint? |
Synovial |
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What are the 3 functional classifications of joints? |
Synarthroses Amphiarthroses Diathroses |
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An immoveable joint is called a/an? |
Synarthroses |
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A slightly moveable joint is call a/an? |
Amphiarthroses |
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A freely moveable joint is called a/an? |
Diathroses |
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The immoveable joint between the bones of the skull, bound together by dense connective tissue is called a/an? |
Suture |
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The immoveable joint that binds the teeth to bony socket by periodontal ligaments is called a/an? |
Gomphosis |
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The rigid cartilaginous bridge between two bones is called a/an? |
Synchondrosis |
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Two bones completely fused is called a/an? |
Synotosis |
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What are the 4 types of Synarthroses? |
Sutures Gomphosis Synchondrosis Synotosis |
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What are the 2 types of Amphiarthroses? |
Syndesmosis Symphysis |
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In which type of joint are adjacent bones held together by collagenous fibers? |
Syndesmosis |
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In which type of joint are adjacent bones separated by a pad of fibrocartilage? |
symphysis |
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What are the types of diarthroses? |
Gliding joints (planar) Hinge joints Pivot joints Ellipsoid joints Saddle joints (sellaris) Ball-and-socket joints |
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What is the cartilage pad that covers the surface of a bone inside a joint cavity? |
Articular cartilage |
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Inflammation of fibrous connective tissue around joints is called? |
Rheumatism |
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Inflammation of a joint is called? |
Arthritis |
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The non-inflammatory disorder of moveable joints characterized by deterioration of the articular cartilage and the formation of new bone at the joint surfaces is called? |
Osteoarthritis (degenerative joint disease) |
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What is characterized by the synovial membrane thickening and becoming tender, synovial fluid accumulating, articular cartilage beginning to deteriorate and ossification of joint? |
Rheumatoid arthritis |
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What results from metabolic disorder in which abnormal amounts of uric acid is released into blood and sodium urate crystals are deposited in the joints? |
Gouty arthritis |
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What are the 3 functions of synovial fluid? |
Lubrication Nutrient distribution Shock absorption |
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The pad of fibrocartilage between two opposing bones in a synovial joint is called? |
Menisci |
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What are the fluid-filled pockets within a joint that reduce friction called? |
Bursae |
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What is the condition of a stretched ligament called? |
Sprain |
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What is the condition of inflamed bursae called? |
Bursitis |
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What is the most common form of bursitis resulting from distortion of the metatarso-phalangeal joint? |
Bunion |
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The greater the range of motion at a joint, the _____ it becomes . |
weaker |
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What factors are responsible for limiting the range of motion, stabilizing, and reducing the chance of injury at a joint? |
A. Collagen fibers, and ligaments. B. Shapes of articulating surface. C. Other bones, skeletal muscles, or fat pads. D. Tension |
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What occurs when articulation surfaces are forced out of position? |
Disloacation |
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What type of motion involves forward/backward movement and left/right movement? |
Linear motion |
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What type of motion spins the object around its longitudinal axis? |
Rotation |
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What of type of motion results from movement that change the angle between the object and the articular surface? |
Angular motion |
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What movement reduces the angle between the articulating elements? |
Flexion |
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What movement increases the angle between the articulating elements? |
Extension |
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What movement extends past the anatomical position? |
Hyperextension |
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Movement away from the longitudinal axis of the body is called? |
Abduction |
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Moving your arm in a loop is called? |
Circumduction |
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What is movement when the radius rolls across the surface of the ulnar head? |
Pronation |
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Twisting the foot inward is called? |
Inversion |
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Twisting the foot outward is called? |
Eversion |
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Flexion of the ankle and elevation of the sole is called? |
Dorsiflexion |
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Extending the ankle and elevating the heel is called? |
Plantar flexion |
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The thumb movement that enables us to grasp objects is called? |
Opposition |
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Moving part of the body anteriorly in the horizontal plane is called? |
Protraction |
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Moving part of the body posteriorly in the horizontal plane is called? |
Retraction |
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When a structure moves in a superior direction, the movement is called? |
Elevation |
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When a structure moves in an inferior direction, the movement is called? |
Depression |
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The vertebral column bending to one side is called? |
Lateral flexion |
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What is the inner, soft, gelatinous core of the intervertebral disc? |
Nucleus pulposus |
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What is the outer, tough portion of the intervertebral disc? |
Annulus fibrosus |
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What is the condition when the annulus fibrosus moves partway into the vertebral canal? |
Slipped disc |
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What is the condition when the nucleus pulposus protrudes into the vertebral canal? |
Herniated disc |
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What is the shoulder joint formed by? |
The glenoid cavity and the head of the humerus |
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What articulation permits the greatest range of motion of any joint in the body? |
Shoulder joint |
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What is the name of various muscles that are the main mechanism for supporting the shoulder joint and limiting the range of movement? |
Rotator cuff |
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What type of movement does the elbow joint permit? |
Flexion/extension |