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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Term for voiding (urinating) |
Micturation |
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Organs of the urinary system |
Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, & urethra |
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The 3 major regions of the kidney |
Cortex, medulla, & pelvis |
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The 5 functions of the kidneys |
1. Excrete waste 2. Regulate blood volume 3. Regulate electrolytes 4. Regulate pH & BP 5. Stimulate red blood cell production |
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The renal cortex descends between the pyramids as the |
Renal columns |
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Surrounds the kidneys |
Renal capsule |
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The calyces receive urine from the |
Collecting ducts |
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Main function of urinary bladder |
Storage |
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The detrusor muscle is concerned with |
Micturation |
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The trigone, detrusor muscle, and internal sphincter are all located here |
Urinary bladder |
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Blood vessels that are primarily concerned with reabsorption |
Peritubular capillaries |
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Peritubular capillaries are an extension of |
Efferent arterioles |
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An increase in GFR results in an increase in |
Urine formation |
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Substance that is filtered by the glomerulus & excreted in urine |
Creatinine |
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The juxtagolomerular apparatus (JGA) secretes |
Renin |
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The distal convoluted tubule reabsorbs Na+ & water in response to |
Aldosterone |
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ADH stimulates the collecting duct to do this |
Reabsorb water |
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Natriuresis refers to renal excretion of |
Na+ (sodium) |
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Excretion of Na+ is generally accompanied by excretion of |
Water |
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ADH is secreted by this gland |
Posterior pituitary gland |
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ADH is secreted in response to these 2 things |
Low blood volume & dehydration |
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ADH causes renal secretion of these 3 things |
Sodium, potassium, & water |
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Angiotensin II is a potent |
Vasoconstrictor |
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A drug that blocks the effects of aldosterone decreases this |
Reabsorption of Na+ & water |
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Hormone that increases vascular resistance (BP) and causes release of aldosterone |
Angiotensin II |
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Prolonged hypotension can cause |
Oliguria |
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Composition of urine includes |
Amount, pH, specific gravity, color, & abnormal constituents |
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Creatinine is present in urine |
In normal conditions |
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An elevated creatinine level in blood most likely indicates |
Declining renal function (renal failure) |
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Regarding pH, UTIs are more common in alkaline urine than |
Acidic urine |
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Normally, urine contains trace amounts of this simple sugar |
Glucose |
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Normal urine does not contain significant amounts of this protein |
Albumin |
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Handled by the kidneys as either urea or ammonia |
Nitrogen |
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Albuminuria & generalized edema are usually accompanied by |
Hypoalbuminemia |
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How is urea transported? |
From the liver to kidneys by the blood |
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Organ where urea is made |
Liver |
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Urea is excreted by the |
Kidneys |
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Pyuria (puss in urine) is indicative of |
Infection |
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A sudden decline in blood pressure to 80/45 is most apt to cause |
Oliguria |
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This class of drugs works by blocking the tubular reabsorption of Na+ |
Diuretics |