Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Intrinsic Laryngeal Muscles
|
Both origin & insertion are within larynx
Resp for making fine vocal adjustments Adductors - - lateral cricoarytenoid - transverse arytenoid - oblique arytenoid Abductors - - posterior cricoarytenoid - glottal tensors (cricothyroid with pars recta and pars oblique, and thyrovocalis) - glottal relaxers (thyromuscularis) |
|
Intrinsic adductor laryngel muscles (3)
|
Lateral cricoarytenoids
Transverse arytenoid Oblique Arytenoids |
|
Origin, Insertion, & Function of Lateral Cricoarytenoids
|
paired muscle
O = superior lateral side of cricoid cartilage I = muscular process of arytenoids Func = adduct the vocal folds |
|
Origin, Insertion, & Function of Transverse arytenoid
|
Unpaired muscle
O = lateral margin of posterior side of arytenoids I = same Func = adduct the vocal folds |
|
Origin, Insertion, & Function of Oblique arytenoids
|
paired muscle
O = posterior base of muscular process of one arytenoid I = apex of other arytenoid Func = adduct the vocal folds |
|
Intrinsic Abductor Laryngeal Musccles (4)
|
Posterior cricoarytenoid
Glottal tensors - Cricothyroid (pars recta and pars oblique) - Thyrovocalis Glottal relaxer - Thyromuscularis |
|
Origin, Insertion, & Function of Posterior Cricoarytenoids
|
paired muscle
O = posterior cricoid I = muscular process of arytenoid Func = abduct the vocal folds (when they come together the vocal folds get blown apart) |
|
Origin, Insertion, & Function of Cricothyroid
|
Glottal tensor
abducts the vocal folds on anterior side Pars recta (medial) - O = anterior side of cricoid - I = thyroid lamina Pars Oblique (lateral) pulls thyroid down and stretches vocal folds When vocal folds contract, pitch goes up |
|
Origin, Insertion, & Function of Thyrovocalis
|
Glottal tensor
abducts the vocal folds paired muscle basically is vocal folds O = thyroid cartilage below thryroid notch I = vocal process of arytenoids |
|
Thyroarytenoid
|
Thyromuscularis + thyrovocalis
abduct the vocal folds |
|
Origin, Insertion, & Function of Thyromuscularis
|
glottal relaxer
Abduct the vocal folds also part of vocal folds (more lateral) When contracts relaxes the vocal folds O = thryoid cartilage I = muscular process of arytenoids |
|
Extrinsic laryngeal muscles
Laryngeal elevators (6) |
Digastricus
Stylohyoid Mylohyoid Geniohyoid Genioglossus Hyoglossus |
|
Origin, Insertion, & Function of Digastricus
|
anterior and posterior
Extrinsic laryngeal elevator Anterior - O = inner side of mandible - I = post digastic and hyoid bone posterior - O = mastoid process - I = meets up with ant digastric and hyoid bone |
|
Origin, Insertion, & Function of Sytlohyoid
|
Extrinsic laryngeal elevator
O = styloid process I = hyoid bone |
|
Origin, Insertion, & Function of Mylohyoid
|
Extrinsic laryngeal elevator
O = underside of mandible I = hyoid bone Func = elevates larynx and hyoid bone |
|
Origin, Insertion, & Function of Geniohyoid
|
Extrinsic laryngeal elevator
Superior to mylohyoid O = mandible I = hyoid |
|
Origin, Insertion, & Function of Genioglossus
|
Extrinsic laryngeal elevator
O = mandible I = tongue Func = raises hyoid bone |
|
Origin, Insertion, & Function of Hyoglossus
|
Extrinsic laryngeal elevator
o = hyoid bone I = tongue Func: raises the hyoid bone |
|
Extrinsic Laryngeal depressors (4)
|
Sternohyoid
Omohyoid Thyrohyoid Sternothyroid |
|
Origin, Insertion, & Function of Sternohyoid
|
Extrinsic laryngeal depressor
O = sternum I = hyoid bone |
|
Origin, Insertion, & Function of Omohyoid
|
Extrinsic Laryngeal depressor
Superior & Inferior bellies O = scapula & part of hyoid I = hyoid Superior origin = hyoid |
|
Origin, Insertion, & Function of Thyrohyoid
|
Extrinsic laryngeal depressor
O = Thyroid I = hyoid bone |
|
Origin, Insertion, & Function of Sternothyroid
|
Extrinsic laryngeal depressor
O = sternum I = thyroid |
|
Nonspeech vs speech function
|
Speech is an overlay function (there are 2 purposes to some parts of speech mechanism)
Nonspeech predates speech |
|
Nonspeech parts
|
Coughing - to clear objects from trachea, vocal folds close tightly, build pressure, open with force
Throat clearing = similar to coughing, less violent, vocal folds are adducted Both of these irritate the vocal folds Therapeutic effects: to train vocal folds to work, to examine psychogenic voice - if person can clear their throat, they have a voice |
|
Abdominal fixation
|
When you hold your breath and your vocal folds adduct, you create a stable part for other muscles to push against
|
|
Vocal fold position during strenuous exercise
|
abduct more widely
|
|
Reflexes
|
breathing
When you jump into cold water, your vocal folds abduct (drinking alcohol suppresses this reflex) Swallowing, vocal folds adduct to avoid food going down the trachea |
|
Speech component - 3 stages of phonation
|
Vocal attack
Sustained phonation Terminate phonation |
|
Vocal attack
|
How vocal folds come together for phonation
3 kinds - simultaneous = vocal folds adduct at same time they start phonating, like when using voiced consonants ("zoo") - Breathy = vocal folds adduct but they're still slightly abducted ("Michael Jackson") - Hard glottal = start off adducted, but they blow apart to start, like in 1st sounds |
|
Sustained phonation
|
When vocal folds start to adduct, as they start to vibrate, hold vocal folds together ("say ah")
|
|
Terminate phonation
|
Abduct vocal folds just enough to stop vibration (end of "ah")
|
|
Vocal register
|
"mode"
series of notes or pitches that fall within a scale |
|
3 primary vocal registers
|
Modal
Glottal fry ("pulse") Falsetto (Whistle) |
|
Modal vocal register
|
most common, one we talk at
fundamental frequency (one that we hear) Men 130 Hz, Women 230 Hz 2 methods of vocal fold movement: - vertically (open and close inferiorally first) - anterior-posterior (open from posterior, close from anterior) |
|
Glottal fry vocal register
|
"pulse" register
below modal register 30 - 90 Hz Pulsating sound (like with a tracheotomy) |
|
Falsetto vocal register
|
3rd highest vocal register
highest for men "mickey mouse" voice |
|
Whistle vocal register
|
as high as 2500 Hz
only for women |