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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Peripheral Nervous System
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nerves that extend to the outlying parts of the body
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Autonomic Nervous system
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sub division of the PSN
Regulated involuntary function such as stomach and intestines, heart beat |
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Dendrite
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branching projection of a neuron
transmit impulses TO neuron cell bodies |
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Schwan Cell
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forms of myelin outside the CNS
Glial cells that also form myelin sheaths, but only in PNS |
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Sensory neurons
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transmit impulses to the spinal cord and brain to all parts of the body
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motor neurons
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transmit impulses in the direction opposite of sensory neurons; away from the brain and spinal cord
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nodes of ranvier
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indentations between adjacent schawan cells
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Fascicles
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groups of wrapped axons. each fascicle is surrounded by a perineurium
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Epineurium
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tough sheath that covers the whole nerve
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Axon
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elongated projection coming from a neuron
processes that transmit impulses AWAY from the neuron cell bodies |
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Glia
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CNS cell that is responsible for supporting neurons
specialised connective tissues vary in size and shape |
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Astrocytes
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a glia that looks like a star due to threadlike extensions off its surface
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Neurons
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cell of the CNS responsible for conducting impulses
nerve cells |
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neurilemma
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outer cell membrane of schwann cell
plays significant role in regeneration of cut or injured axons |
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reflex arc
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type of neuron pathway
two neuron- sensory and motor three neuron- sensory, motor, interneuron allow impulse condiction in one direction |
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receptors
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where impulse conduction begins. located in tendons, skin, and mucous membranes
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Ganglion
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group of nerve cell bodies located in the PNS near the spinal cord
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Synapse
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microscopic space that seperates the axon ending of one neuron from dendrites of another neuron
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Nerve impulse
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self propagating wave of electrical wave of electrical disturbances that travel along the surface of a neurons plasma membrane
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neurotransmitters
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chemicals that allow neurons to communicate with one another
distributed specifically into groups of neurons |
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Brainstem
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consists of medulla oblongata, pons and midbrain
Funct- controls heart beat, resp, and BV dilater two way conduction path |
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Diencephalon
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consists of hypothalamus and thalamus
located between midbrain and cerebrum |
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hypothalamus
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control over internal organs
helps control HB, constriction and dilation of BV body temp, sleep cycles, pain |
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Thalamus
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above the hypothalamus and is made up of gray matter
composed of dendrites, cell bodies of neurons that axons extending up to sensory area of cerebrum helps with sensation of emotions |
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cerebellum
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under the occipital lobe
essential in normal smooth coordinated movements, maintains equilbrum, and posture assists other parts of the brain |
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Cerebrum
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seperated into 4 lobes
responsible for consciousness, thinking, memory, sensation, emotion, willed movements |
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Frontal Lobe
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motor area (muscle control)
conscious thought motor speech |
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Temporal Lobe
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auditory areas
interprets incoming nervous signals as incoming sound |
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Occipital Lobe
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visual area
Helps you understand/interpret specific images |
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Parietal Lobe
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Primary somatic sensory area
taste area body sense preception sensory speech area |
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convolutions/Gyri
Sulci |
Gyri- ridges on the brain
Sulcri- grooves on the brain |
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Cerebral Cortex
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surface of the cerebrum
composed of thin layer of gray matter made up of neuron dendrites and cell bodies |
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Spinal Cord
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-center for thousands of reflex arcs
-provides two-way conduction via spinal tracts -carry impulses to and from the brain |
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spinal cord reflexes
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1. withdrawal- pulling hand away from hot surface
2. jerk- knee jerk reflex |
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Anesthesia
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spinal cord injury that produces loss of sensation
-can be caused when an injury to the cord cuts through completely or partialy damages the cord. -impulses no longer travel past damaged point |
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Dura Mater
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tough outer layer that lines the vertebral canal
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Pia Mater
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intermost membrane covering the spinal cord
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Arachnoid Mater
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membrane between dura and pia
-resembles a cobweb with fluid in the spaces |
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Choroid Plexus
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network of brain capillaries
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Obligodendrocytes
ohl-i-go-DEN-droh-sytes |
hold nerve fibers together
produce fatty myelin sheaths that envelops nerve fibers in the spinal cord |
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Corpus callosum
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structure that connects the two halves of the cerebrum
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Multiple Sclerosis
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disease of the CNS caused by a myelin disorder
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