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96 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is an agonist?
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the prime mover, a muscle that initiates a particular movement
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what is an antagonist?
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is a muscle that contracts to return a body part to its original position, movement opposite of the agonist
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what is an insertion?
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attached more distal or lateral end of muscle, at the joint where the primary movement takes place
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what does origin refer to?
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refers to the more proximal attached end of the muscle
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what is a ligament?
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a tough band of connective tissue that connects a bone to another bone
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what is a synergist?
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a muscle that assists the agonist
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what is a tendon?
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a tough band of connective tissue that connects muscle to bone or muscle to muscle, often serving as an origin or insertion for a muscle
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What is Aponeurosis?
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A broad flattened tendinous sheet of connective tissue, often serving as an origin or insertion for a muscle
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what do the rhomboid major and minor share together? what is the only difference?..are they synergists?
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they share the same insertion (medial border of the scapula), action (adducts scapula& slightly rotates it downward), inervation (dorsal scapular nerve),& arterial supply (subclavian branches). Originate at different places. minor@spinous processes of C7-T1, major@spinous processes of T2-T5.Yes they are synergists same action!
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what are the actions of the trapezius and which muscles are its synergists and antagonist and why?
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elevates clavicle; adducts, elevates&depresses scapula; rotates scapula upward. It has no synergists but it's antagonists are both rhomboids (rotate scapula downward instead of upward) and the levator scapulae (it elevates scapula instead of depressing it)
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where does the trapezius originate? insert? it's inervation & arterial supply?
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occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae & spines of C7-T12
insert@clavicle, acromion process&spine of scapula inervation cranial nerve 11 blood supply: external carotid&subclavian branches |
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Which muscles do the subclavian artery and its branches supply?
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rhomboids major& minor, levator scapulae, supraspinatus& infraspinatus
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which muscles do the axillary artery and its branches supply?
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pectoralis major& minor, serratus anterior, deltoid, latissmus dorsi, & teres major& minor
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which muscles do the brachial artery and its branches supply?
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biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis, & triceps brachii. Biceps brachii also from the axillary
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which muscles do radial artery and its branches supply?
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extensors on the forearm, extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi ulnaris also the thenar group
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which muscles do the ulnar artery and its branches supply?
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to the flexors of the forearm, flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, palmaris longus and pronator teres, and the hypothenar group
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what muscle lies behind the biceps brachii?
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brachialis
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what action do all the muscles on the anterior part of the arm perform?
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flex
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what action do all the muscles on the posterior part of the arm perform?
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extend
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what two muscles on the posterior back and shoulder have the same insert (& where) and are synergists and which actions do they perform?
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the latissimus dorsi and teres major which insert at the intertubercular groove of the humerus and extend, adducts & rotate arm medially
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what is the origin & inervation of the lattissimus dorsi?
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origin is spines C7-T12, lumbar vertebrae; sacrum & ilium via thoracolumbar fascia & lower 4 ribs, the inervation is the thoracodorsal nerve
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what is the origin and inervation of the teres major?
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lower subscapular nerve
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where does the pectoralis minor originate and insert?
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Originates from ribs 3-5 and inserts from coracoid process of the scapula
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where does the serratus anterior originate and insert from?
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originates at ribs 1-9 and inserts at the vertebral border & inferior angle of scapula
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which muscles help with forced inspiration and where?
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the pectoralis minor elevates ribs 3-5 in forced inspiration and the scalene muscles inserted at ribs 1&2, synergist to the pectoralis minor
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what is the synergists to the sternocleidomastoid and which action do they perform?
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the scalene muscles which help with neck flexion
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what two things do the sternoclamastoid (anterior and lateral neck) and splenius capitis (posterior neck&spine) have in common? also both share this with what other muscle group and what is it?
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both insert partly at the mastoid process of the temporal bone & have same blood supply of external carotid arteries and subclavian branches, blood supply also same for scalene muscles
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what do all the posterior neck and spine muscles have in common?
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all insert off of transverse processes, all same blood supply of branches of the abdominal aorta, & same inervation of dorsal rami of spinal nerves exception to splenius capitas dorsal rami of cervical nerves and quadratus lumborum ventral rami of spinal nerves
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which muscle on the posterior spine has the same origin and insertion and what is it?
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the longissimus which inserts& originates at the transverse processes of vertebrae
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which action do the illiiocostalis, longissimus, and quadratus lumborum have in common and what does that make them?
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they all laterally flex the vertebral column
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What do all four muscles of the quadriceps femoris have in common?
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they all extend the leg and the nerve supply is the femoral nerve, all insert all the tibial tuberosity by way of the patella & patellar ligament. rectus femoris also flexes the thigh tho
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What do all 3 muscles of the hamstring do?
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extend the thigh and flex the leg
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What do the hamstring muscles have in common besides same action?
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share origin at ischial tuberosity, inervation at tibial branch of sciatic nerve, and blood supply deep femoral artery
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what do all the muscles below the knee share?
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the same blood (arterial) supply which is popliteal artery branches
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Which four muscles share the same inervation and blood supply that line along the neck and spine?
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illiocostalis, longissimus, spinalis, quadratus lumborum all have inervation of dorsal rami of spinal nerves and blood supply of abdominal aorta
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what action do the four muscles of the posterior neck and spine (illiocostalis, longissimus, spinalis, quadratus lumborum) all have in common?
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laterally flex vertebral column
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Which muscles all insert at the greater trochanter of the femur?
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gluteus medius. gluteus minimus, piriformis, and superior & inferior gemellas
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which muscles all originate at the pubic bone?
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gracilis, adductor longus, and the pectineus, also partially the adductor magnus but that originates at the ischial tuberosity
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what action do all the muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh perform?
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they all adduct the thigh
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Which muscles in the medial compartment of the thigh all have the same action and what is it?
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adductor longus, pectineus, and the adductor magnus which is adduct the thigh, flexes and rotates it medially
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what is the blood supply that all the muscles in the medial compartment of the thigh share?
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femoral artery branches & obturator artery
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HRSA
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Health Resources and Services Administration
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HSA
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Health Services Act
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IADL
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Instrumental Activities of Daily Living
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ICD-9
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International Classification of Diseases, version 9
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IMGs
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International Medical Graduates
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IOM
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Institute of Medicine
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IT
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Information Technology
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JCAHO
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Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations
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LPN
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Licensed practical nurse
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LTC
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Long-term care
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MBA
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Master of Business Administration
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MCOs
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managed care organizations
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MDs
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doctors of medicine
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MHSA
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master of Health Services Administration
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MPA
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Master of Public Administration/Affairs
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MRI
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Magnetic resonance imaging
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MSA
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Metropolitan statistical area
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NCQA
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National Committee for Quality Assurance
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NP
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nurse practitioner
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OD
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doctor of Optometry
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OMB
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Office of Management and Budget
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OPPS
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Outpatient Prospective Payment System
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OSHA
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Occupational Safety and Health Administration
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OT
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Occupational Therapy
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P4P
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pay-for-performance
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PA
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Physician assistant
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PCM
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primary care manager
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PCP
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Pneumocystis carinii/ primary care physician
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PET
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position emission tomography
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PharmD
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doctor of Philosophy
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POS
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point-of-service plan
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PPM
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physician practice management
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PPOs
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preferred provider organizations
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PPS
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prospective payment system
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PROs
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peer review organizations
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PTCA
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percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
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PTs
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physical therapists
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QALY
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quality-adjusted life year
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QMB
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Qualified Medicare Beneficiary Program
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R&D
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Research & Development
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RBRVS
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Resource-based relative value scales
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RVUs
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relative value units
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SAV
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small area variations
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SCHIP
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state children's health insurance program
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SES
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socioeconomic status
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SNF
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skilled nursing facility
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STDs
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sexually transmitted diseases
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TANF
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Temporary Assistance for Needy Families
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RBRVS
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Resource-based relative value scales
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RVUs
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relative value units
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TEFRA
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Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act
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TPA
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third-party admistrator
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SAV
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small area variations
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SCHIP
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state children's health insurance program
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SES
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socioeconomic status
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