Anatomy Module 2

Front 1

Describe the Sagittal Plane.

Back 1

Divides the body into right and left

Front 2

Describe the Coronal/Frontal Plane.

Back 2

Divides the body into front and back parts

Front 3

Describe the Transverse/Horizontal Plane.

Back 3

Divides the body onto upper and lower part

Front 4

What is the related axis of rotation of the Sagittal Plane?

Back 4

Coronal/Frontal Axis

Front 5

What is the related axis of rotation of the Coronal Plane?

Back 5

Sagittal Axis

Front 6

What is the related axis of rotation of the Transverse Plane?

Back 6

Vertical Axis

Front 7

Give an example(s) of a movement along the sagittal plane.

Back 7

Flexion and Extension of the shoulder, elbow, or hip

Front 8

Give an example(s) of a movement along the coronal plane.

Back 8

Abduction and Adductions of the shoulder, hip, Radial or Ulnar deviation of the wrist

Front 9

Give an example(s) of a movement along the transverse plane

Back 9

Medial or lateral rotation of the shoulder or hip

Front 10

What type of joint is the Shoulder?

Back 10

Ball and socket

Front 11

What are the articulating bones of the Shoulder?

Back 11

Head of the humerus and the glenoid fossa of the scapula

Front 12

What are the movements of the Shoulder?

Back 12

Flexion/Extension

Abduction/Adduction

Medial and Lateral Rotation

Front 13

What type of joint is the Elbow?

Back 13

Hinge

Front 14

What are the articulating bones of the Elbow?

Back 14

The trochlea and capitellum of the humerus with the ulna and radius

Front 15

What are the movements of the elbow?

Back 15

Flexion and Extension

Front 16

What type of joint is the wrist?

Back 16

Condyloid

Front 17

What are the articulating bones of the wrist?

Back 17

radius, ulna and carpels

Front 18

What are are the movements if the wrist?

Back 18

Flexion/Extension

Abduction(Radial Deviation)/Adduction(Ulnar deviation)

Front 19

What type of joint is the Metacarpalphalangeal?

Back 19

Condyloid

Front 20

What are the articulating bones of the metacarpalphalangeal?

Back 20

Metacarpal head and base of proximal phalanx of digits 2-5

Front 21

What are the movements of the metacarpalphalangeal joint?

Back 21

Flexion/Extension

Abduction/Adduction

Front 22

What type of joint is the Interphalangeal?

Back 22

Hinge

Front 23

What are the articulating bones of the interphalangeal joint?

Back 23

PIP- proximal and middle phalanges

DIP - middle and distal phalanges

Front 24

What are the movements of the interphalangeal joint?

Back 24

Flexion/Extension

Front 25

What type of joint is the hip?

Back 25

Ball and Socket

Front 26

What are the articulating bones of the hip joint?

Back 26

Head of the femur and the acetabulum of the pelvis

Front 27

What are the movements of the hip joint?

Back 27

Flexion/Extension

Abduction/Adduction

Medial rotation/Lateral rotation

Front 28

What type of joint is the knew?

Back 28

Hinge

Front 29

What are the articulating bones of the knee?

Back 29

Condyles of the fetus and tibial plateau

Front 30

What are the movements of the knee

Back 30

Flexion/Extension

Slight rotation at end range

Front 31

What type of joint is the ankle?

Back 31

Hinge

Front 32

What are the articulating bones of the ankle?

Back 32

Tibia/Fibula and the Talus

Front 33

What are the movements of the ankle?

Back 33

Flexion (Dorsiflexion)/Extension (Plantarflexion)

Front 34

What type of joint is the metatarsalphalangeal?

Back 34

Condyloid

Front 35

What are the articulating bones of the metatarsalphalangeal joint?

Back 35

Head of the metatarsals and the bases of primal phalanges

Front 36

What are the movements of the metatarsalphalangeal joint?

Back 36

Flexion/Extension

Abduction/Adduction

Front 37

What does Proximal mean?

Back 37

Something that is situated closest to the point of attachment or origin/ Closest to the centre of the body

Front 38

What does Distal mean?

Back 38

Something that is situated furtherest from the point of attachment or origin/ Furtherest from the centre of the body

Front 39

What does Superior mean?

Back 39

Something that is above

Front 40

What does Inferior mean?

Back 40

Something that is below

Front 41

What does medial mean?

Back 41

Something that is close to the midline of the body

Front 42

What does lateral mean?

Back 42

Something that is further from the midline of the body

Front 43

What does Anterior/Ventral mean?

Back 43

The front of the body

Palm of hand (think anatomical position)

Front 44

What does Posterior/Dorsal mean?

Back 44

The back of the body

Back of the hand (think anatomical position)

Front 45

What are the types of joints?

Back 45

Fibrous

Cartilaginous

Synovial

Front 46

Describe a fibrous joint.

Back 46

The articulating bones are connected by fibrous tissue. This type of joint has limited movement between joints. Range of movement depends on the length of the Fibres.

Front 47

Give examples of fibrous joints.

Back 47

Sutures of the skull

Syndesmosis of the forearm and calf

Gomphoses of teeth in jaw bone

Front 48

Describe a Cartilaginous Joint. Give Examples.

Back 48

A joint held together by hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage. Examples are the sternocostal joint and the pubic symphysis.

Front 49

What is a primary cartilaginous joint?

Back 49

An immovable joint. A plate of hyaline cartilage that connects bones at the joint. Permits growth of long bones. For example the epiphyseal plate of the femur.

Front 50

What is a secondary cartilaginous joint?

Back 50

A joint united by fibrocartilage, creating a partially moveable joint. For example intervertebral discs in the spine

Front 51

Describe a synovial Joint?

Back 51

Synovial joints are the most common joint in the body. They provide free movement between the bones they join. They are often reinforced by ligaments to help guide and restrict movement.

Front 52

What are the structural elements of a synovial joint?

Back 52

- articulating bone surfaces are covered with hyaline cartilage

- enclosed by an outer fibrous capsule

- a synovial membrane lines the inside of the capsule and encloses the articular cavity

- the articular cavity is a potential space that contains lubricating fluid called synovial fluid which is screwed by the synovial membrane

Front 53

What are the types of synovial joints?

Back 53

Plane

Hinge

Saddle

Condyloid

Ball and Socket

Pivot

Front 54

Describe a plane joint?

Back 54

Surfaces are flat and glide on one another

Front 55

Give an example(s) of a plane joint.

Back 55

Acromioclavicular joint

Carpels of the wrist

Tarsals of the ankle

Front 56

Describe a Hinge Joint.

Back 56

Permits flexion and extension movements (one plane or one degree of freedom)

Front 57

Give an example(s) of a Hinge Joint

Back 57

Elbow

Knee

Front 58

Describe a saddle joint.

Back 58

The opposing articular surfaces are shaped like a saddle. This type of joint permits adduction/abduction and flexion/extension equally. Circumduction is possible (two planes or two degrees of freedom).

Front 59

Give an example of a saddle joint.

Back 59

First carpometacarpal joint at the thumb

Front 60

Describe a Condyloid joint.

Back 60

This type of joint permits flexion/extension and adduction/abduction, however one of the movement combinations is greater than the other.

Front 61

Give an example(s) of a Condyloid joint.

Back 61

Wrist

Metacarpophalangeal (knuckle(

Front 62

Describe a Ball and Socket Joint.

Back 62

The type of joint occurs with the joining of a spheroid shape of one bone and socket shape of another bone. It allows for flexion/extension, adduction/abduction, medial/lateral rotation and circumduction.

Front 63

Give an example(s) of a Ball and Socket Joint.

Back 63

Shoulder

Hip

Front 64

Describe a Pivot Joint.

Back 64

This type of joint permits rotation about a central axis.

Front 65

Give an example(s) of a pivot joint.

Back 65

C1/C2 joint

proximal radioulnar joint

distal radioulnar joint

Front 66

The femoral joint is termed a ball and socket joint. Therefore this joint has three degrees of freedom which are:

a) abduction/adduction

b) flexion/extension

c) internal/external rotation

d) upward/downward rotation

e) a, b, and c

Back 66

e) a, b, and c

Front 67

In reference to anatomical position the tibia is considered ________ to the femur

a) medial

b) lateral

c) proximal

d) distal

e) superior

Back 67

d) distal

Front 68

The MCP joints of the hand are by definition:

a) plane joints

b) condyloid joints

c) hinge joints

d) saddle joints

e) pivot joints

Back 68

b) condyloid joints

Front 69

The transverse plane bisects the body into:

a) right and left halves

b) upper and lower halves

c) front and back halves

d) dorsal and vental halves

Back 69

b) upper and lower halves