Anatomy Md1 Block 2 Final Review

Front 1

[6.1] In a patient who has a posterior dislocation of the hip, which of the fol- lowing ligamentous structures would be torn?

Back 1

A. Pubofemoral ligament
B. Iliofemoral ligament
C. Ischiofemoral ligament
D. Lacunar ligament
E. Sacrotuberous ligament

Hint 1

[6.1] C. Posterior dislocation of the hip would tear the ischiofemoral ligament, which reinforces the capsule of the hip posteriorly.

Front 2

6.2] A 54-year-old man has just dislocated his right hip. The physician is concerned about the integrity of the joint’s blood supply. Which artery is the main blood supply to the hip joint?

Back 2

A. Lateral circumflex femoral
B. Medial circumflex femoral
C. Superficial circumflex iliac
D. Deep circumflex iliac
E. Perforating

Hint 2

[6.2] B. The chief blood supply to the hip is the medial circumflex femoral artery.

Front 3

[6.3] A patient with the hip dislocation is also exhibiting weakness of exten- sion of the thigh at the hip. This would indicate possible damage to which of the following?

Back 3

A. Femoral nerve
B. Obturator nerve
C. Common fibular portion of the sciatic nerve
D. Tibial portion of the sciatic nerve
E. Saphenous nerve

Hint 3

[6.3] D. Most of the extensor muscles of the hip (the hamstrings) are inner- vated by the tibial portion of the sciatic nerve. The gluteus maximus muscle, innervated by the inferior gluteal nerve, could still weakly extend the thigh at the hip.

Front 4

❖ The bones forming the hip bone

AN AT OMY PEARLS

Back 4

ilium, ischium, and pubis converge
to form the .
=

Hint 4

acetabulum

Front 5

❖ The strongest ligament reinforcing the hip capsule is the

AN AT OMY PEARLS

Back 5

iliofemoral
or =

Hint 5

Y ligament.

Front 6

The most important artery supplying the hip joint is the

AN AT OMY PEARLS

Back 6

medial circumflex femoral artery.

Front 7

Definitions

Hip bone: Os coxae

Back 7

irregular flat bone
formed by the fusion of the =

Hint 7

pubis,
ilium,
ischium.

Front 8

Definitions

Be able to describe the anatomy of the

-hip joint, including the
-proximal femur,
-joint capsule and ligaments,
--acetabulum.

Back 8

.

Front 9

Definitions

Sciatic nerve:

Back 9

-The largest nerve of the body
-formed from the sacral plexus
-ventral rami of L4 through S3,
-unites the com- mon fibular and tibial nerves

Front 10

AN AT OMY PEARLS

❖ Shoulder dislocations are common, almost always

Back 10

anterior, and
place the _______ nerve at risk.

Hint 10

axillary

Front 11

AN AT OMY PEARLS

The only bony articulation between the upper limb and the trunk is at the

Back 11

sternoclavicular joint

The primary attachment of the limb to the trunk is by =

Hint 11

musculature

Front 12

AN AT OMY PEARLS

The shallow ball-and-socket glenohumeral joint permits a wide
range of motion, but with

Back 12

but with decreased stability.

Front 13

AN AT OMY PEARLS

❖ The tendons of the rotator cuff muscles provide primary strength and stability to the

Back 13

❖ glenohumeral joint.

Front 14

AN AT OMY PEARLS

❖ The supraspinatus muscle tendon blends with the =

Back 14

❖ superior capsule.

Front 15

AN AT OMY PEARLS

Even though protected from the undersurface of the acromion by the subacromial (subdeltoid) bursa, its tendon is usually injured in

Back 15

rotator cuff tears.

it is the
supraspinatus muscle tendon
which blends with the superior capsule.

Front 16

[5.1] You are evaluating a radiograph of the only bony articulation between the upper limb and the trunk. Which of the following joints are you evaluating?

Back 16

A. Glenohumeral
B. Acromioclavicular
C. Humeroclavicular
D. Coracoclavicular
E. Sternoclavicular

Hint 16

[5.1] E. The upper limb is attached to the trunk only at the sternoclavicular joint. The primary attachment is muscular.

Front 17

[5.2] You are explaining the anatomy of the shoulder to a young athlete who has sustained an injury to one of his shoulders. You tell him the chief stability to this joint is from which of the following?

Back 17

A. Glenohumeral ligaments
B. Acromioclavicular ligament
C. Rotator cuff muscles
D. Coracoclavicular ligaments
E. Coracohumeral ligament

Hint 17

[5.2] C. The primary stability to the glenohumeral joint is provided by the tendons of the rotator cuff.

Front 18

[5.3] A college baseball pitcher has shoulder discomfort and you suspect a rotator cuff tear. You will most likely see damage to the tendon of which of the following muscles?

Back 18

A. Supraspinatus
B. Infraspinatus
C. Subscapularis
D. Teres major
E. Teres minor

Hint 18

[5.3] A. The tendon of the supraspinatus is typically damaged in a rotator cuff tear due to the narrow space between the head of the humerus and the acromion.

Front 19

1. Be able to describe the bones and joints that make up the shoulder girdle.

Back 19

Shoulder: Junction between the arm and the trunk.

Shoulder girdle:
clavicle
scapula
proximal humerus

Front 20

2. Be able to delineate the anatomy of the glenohumeral joint.

Back 20

.

Front 21

3. Be able to list the extrinsic muscles of the shoulder, their action at the shoulder, and their innervation.

Back 21

.

Front 22

4. Be able to describe the components of the rotator cuff, their action, innervation, and their functional importance to the shoulder.

Back 22

.