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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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endoderm
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innermost of 3 germ cell layers- forms most of the lining of tubular structures of the body
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ectoderm
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outer germ layer-
derivatives--> skin and the nervous system |
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mesoderm
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layer btwn the endoderm and the ectoderm
derivatives--> muscles and connective tissues |
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fascia
collagen |
compact layers of connective tissue that form a fibrous membrane, covers structures, supports + separates muscles and organs
the protein that makes up the fibers in connective tissue structures, most prevalent |
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ligaments
vs. tendons |
thickened connective tissue, holds bone together, bone-bone
thickened dense connective tissue , hold muscle-bone, muscle-muscle |
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aponeurosis
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broad flat tendon
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functions of the skeleton
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1) support
2) movement 3) protection 4) storage of minerals 5) production of RBCs (red marrow) 6) storage of energy (fat) (yellow marrow) |
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types of bones
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long (femur, tibia, metatarsals)
short bones (carpals, tarsals) flat bones (ribs, skull, sternum) irregular bones (vertebrae + os coxae) sesamoid (patella) |
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osteocytes
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mature bone cells, not active until signal present
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osteoclasts
vs. osteoblasts |
break down bone, absorb calcium
build bone off balance= bone disease - if body needs calcium, increase osteoclast activity to allow reabsorption of calcium into the bone |
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ossification
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formation of bone
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calcification
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laying down calcium (can be in heart, joint,vessels) bruises
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axial skeleton
vs. appendicular skeleton |
skull, vertebral column, sternum, ribs
appendages, pelvis, collar bone, scapula |
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The osteon (Haversian system)
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how compact bone is made
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haversian canal
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for passage of blood vessel
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lamellae
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concentric layers of bone tissue
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lacunae
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spaces containing osteocytes
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canaliculi
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connections btwn lacunae
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osteoporosis
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clast> blast
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bones of the foot
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tarsal bones (7)
metatarsals (5) phalanges (14) = 26 bones |
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ankle sprains
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more common on the lateral side bc there are less ligaments on the lateral side and the fibula helps support the ankle on the medial side
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