Anatomy Ii - Pelvic Limb

Front 1

What does the perforating tarsal artery pass through?

(what does it branch off from?)

Back 1

Vascular canal of hock to plantar surface

(branches off of dorsal pedal a. to join medal/lateral plantar aa. @ deep plantar arch)

Front 2

TERMINAL ARCH WHERE?

Back 2

INSIDE P3

Front 3

What is the largest artery of the foot?

Back 3

Dorsal metatarsal artery 3

Front 4

primary retractor of pelvic limb?

Back 4

biceps femoris m.

Front 5

What arteries have a sigmoid anastomosis in the hindlimb?

Back 5

Caudal tibial artery and Saphenous artery

Front 6

- Prime mover for advancement of hind limb, and flexor of hip

Back 6

Iliopsoas m.

Front 7

The anastomotic branches of what arteries forms the deep plantar arch?

Back 7

Perforating tarsal artery
Medial plantar artery
Lateral plantar artery

these anastomose to form *deep plantar arch* on plantar side of hock joint

Front 8

The cranial tibial a. becomes the ?

Back 8

cranial tibial a. becomes the dorsal pedal a. (in front of hock) then becomes dorsal metatarsal artery; largest artery of the foot.

dorsal metatarsal artery = great metatarsal a.

Front 9

Major extensor of the hip joint

Back 9

Middle gluteal muscle

Front 10

What is the main blood source to the mammary glands?

Back 10

External pudendal artery

Front 11

attachments to body?

Back 11

Bony attachment (Synovial / diarthrodial) to the body, unlike forelimb.

Front 12

Superficial gluteal muscle shows ___ and ____ parts

Back 12

cranial and caudal parts

Front 13

Hind limb Bears ____ of the body weight.

Back 13

45%

Front 14

innervated by the cranial gluteal nerve

innervated by the caudal gluteal nerve.

Back 14

All including CRANIAL part of the superficial gluteal m. innervated by the cranial gluteal nerve!!!!!.....
except caudal head of the superficial gluteal m. which is caudal gluteal nerve.

Front 15

Superficial gluteal attaches to

Back 15

to the third trochanter of the femur.

Front 16

All gluteal muscles are covered by

Back 16

gluteal m. covered by tough gluteal fascia.

Front 17

Middle gluteal muscle
blends with what muscle for rearing up on hind limbs?

Back 17

longissimus m.

Front 18

Hamstring muscles possess ____ heads

Back 18

vertebral

Front 19

Subjected more or less injuries and lameness than forelimb??

Back 19

LESS

Front 20

When the limb is bearing weight what is the action of the hamstring muscles?

Back 20

If limb bearing weight,
Extend the stifle and hock joints!!

Minimize overextension of the stifle and rotation of the patella

Front 21

When the limb is not bearing weight what is the action of the hamstring muscles?

Back 21

Flex stifle joint

Front 22

Do the hamstring muscles have vertebral and pelvic heads?

Back 22

YES

Front 23

Pelvic heads attach to

Back 23

to the ischum bone / ischiatic tuberosity

Front 24

What nerve innervates the hamstring muscles?

Back 24

All innerv. by branches of Sciatic nerve (aka ischiatic n)

Front 25

pelvic heads of hamstring muscles innervated by ?

vertebral heads of hamstring muscles innervated by ?

Back 25

Sciatic nerve

caudal gluteal n. (check this)

Front 26

Hamstring muscles : name them

Back 26

Semitendinosus m., semimembranosus m. and biceps femoris muscle are part of it.

Front 27

Other muscles (aside from hamstring m.) resp. for extending stifle?

Back 27

quadriceps group

Front 28

quadriceps group innervated by

Back 28

femoral nerve innervates quadriceps group

Front 29

therefore problem with femoral nerve means?

Back 29

Any disorder of the femoral nerve leads to inability to extend the stifle joint and weight bearing

Front 30

What nerve innervates crus ( the caudo-medial muscle group ) (which are flexors of the digits and extensors of the hock joint)?

Back 30

Tibial nerve

Front 31

What nerve innervates the cranio-laterla mucles group (extensors of the digits and flexors of the hock joint)?

Back 31

Common peroneal nerve (deep peroneal nerve)

Front 32

What is located at the most lateral point of the hip?

Back 32

Trochanteric bursa

Front 33

Main artery of hindlimb

Back 33

Femoral artery

Front 34

What is the main artery of the hindlimb?

Back 34

Femoral artery

Front 35

pudendal epigastric trunk comes off?

Back 35

external iliac a.

Front 36

internal pudendal a. and umbilical a. come off?

Back 36

internal iliac a.

Front 37

external pudendal a. comes off?

Back 37

pudendal epigastric trunk (confirm this)

Front 38

What artery passes out through inguinal canal ?

Back 38

external pudendal a.
(that's why it's called "external", b/c goes outside abdominal cavity)

Front 39

Name all branches from which obdurator a. derives:

Back 39

Internal iliac a. > caudal gluteal a. > cranial gluteal a. > obdurator a.

Front 40

Where is the trochanteric bursa located?

Back 40

Between the cranial part of the greater trochanter and aponeurotic attachment of the accessory gluteal muscle

Front 41

Femoral artery branches:

Back 41

1. Saphenous artery
2. Popliteal artery:
* femoral becomes popliteal at caudal aspect of stifle

Front 42

What is the further continuation of the popliteal artery in the hindlimb in order?

Back 42

Cranial tibial artery
- becomes Dorsal pedal artery in front of hock
- then becomes Dorsal metatarsal artery 3

Front 43

What artery branches off the dorsal pedal artery?

Back 43

Perforating tarsal artery (enters vascular canal to anastomose with deep plantar arch)

~DPA continues to become dorsal metatarsal III a.

Front 44

What is the distal border of the medial and lateral plantar arteries?

Back 44

Fetlock

Front 45

What does the saphenous artery divide into?

Back 45

Medial plantar artery
Lateral plantar artery

Front 46

Where do the medial and lateral plantar metatarsal arteries come from?

Back 46

Deep plantar arch -> medial and lateral plantar metatarsal arteries

Front 47

What does the dorsal metatarsal artery divide into just proximal to the fetlock joint?

Back 47

Medial plantar proper digital artery
Lateral plantar proper digital artery

Front 48

The dorsal and plantar branches of the digital arteries anastomose and form what?

Back 48

Terminal arch

B/c dorsal metatarsal a. III divides just proximal to the fetlock joint into the medial and lateral plantar proper digital arteries (on plantar side). Then, these proper digital arteries wrap around oppos. sides and anastomose WITHIN third phalanx.

Front 49

What are the most important and prominent superficial veins?

(What is main drainage of pes?)

Back 49

Dorsal metatarsal vein II <- main drainage of pes
Medial saphenous vein
Lateral saphenous vein
Femoral vein

dorsal metatarsal v. -> Medial saphenous v. -> saphenous v. -> Femoral vein

Front 50

What forms the venous plexus in the hindlimb?

Back 50

Highly developed network of veins in the hoof dermis

Front 51

What lymphocenter drains the hindlimb?

Is this the main lymphatic drainage of hind limb?

Back 51

Popliteal lymphocenter <- main lymphatic drainage of hind limb

Front 52

Where do the efferents of the popliteal lymphocenter go to?

Back 52

Deep inguinal nodes

~so popliteal lymphocenter feeds deep inguinal nodes

Front 53

What are the main nerves of the hindlimb?

Distal hindlimb?

Back 53

Femoral nerve
Obturator nerve
Sciatic nerve (Tibial, Common peroneal)

distal hindlimb is innervated mainly by the tibial and common peroneal nn.

Front 54

What is the distal hindlimb mainly innervated by?

Back 54

Tibial nerve (caudal)
Common peroneal nerve (cranial)

- both branch off from sciatic n.

Front 55

Where does the common peroneal nerve divide into superficial and deep peroneal nn.?

Back 55

At distal part of lateral aspect of stifle

Front 56

What two tendons does the superficial peroneal nerve lie between?

Back 56

Long digital extensor tendon
Lateral digital extensor tendon

Front 57

The prime mover that advances the pelvic limb:

Back 57

iliospoas m.

Front 58

when does femoral a. become popliteal a.?

Back 58

when caudal femoral a. splits off

(saphenous a. is first branch, then 2nd branch is where have caudal femoral a. and popliteal a.)

note: ca. femoral a. is just landmark for start of popliteal a., but also ca. femoral a. later merges w/saphenous a.

Front 59

Located superficially (just below skin) in the plantar grooves, along the digital flexor tendons.

Back 59

medial and lateral plantar arteries

(these arteries come off saphenous a. on plantar side)

note: grooves are on medial and lateral side

Front 60

trochanteric bursa is located:

Back 60

between cranial part of greater trochanter of the femur and under the tendon of insertion of the accessory gluteal muscle

Front 61

Name a set of nerves supplying the plantar pes.

Back 61

Medial and lateral plantar nn.

Front 62

ext. obdurator m. innervate by ?

internal obd. m. innervated by ?

Back 62

* external obturator m. innervate by obdurator nerve
- ext. obturator m. ADDucts limb
* internal obturator. m. innervated by sciatic n.
- internal obturator m of medial thigh aBducts the thigh

Front 63

Is DDF part of reciprocal apparatus?

Is DDF part of stay apparatus?

Back 63

No (according to Holli)


Yes (according to Pasquini's book)

Front 64

Why is dorsal metatarsal 2 vein have "2" in name?

Back 64

because it runs along 2nd metatarsal bone on medial side!