Anatomy Ii - Joints Of Forelimb

Front 1

the patellar ligaments (medial, middle, and lateral) go from what to what?

Back 1

patella to tibia

Front 2

identify structures

Back 2

see pictures

Front 3

identify

Back 3

see picture

Front 4

identify

Back 4

see picture

Front 5

What cavity is present at distal end of scapula ?

Back 5

glenoid cavity

Front 6

What is absent from scapula of horse?

Back 6

absence of the acromion in scapula, also no acromion head of deltoideus m.

Front 7

Head of the humerus - ____ than glenoid cavity, and therefore, affords a ___ movement.

Back 7

Head of the humerus - larger than glenoid cavity, and therefore, affords a gliding movement.

Front 8

present between the tendon of origin of the biceps brachii m. @ joint cavity?

Back 8

Interposed intertubercular bursa

(tendon is mostly fibrocartilaginous) and the joint capsule.

Front 9

tendons of which of these muscles does NOT stabilize shoulder joint?
supraspinatus, teres major, infraspinatus, subscapularis, teres minor and biceps brachii muscles

Back 9

teres major m. is NOT involved

others stabilize this joint as they pass over and attach close to it.

Front 10

Main mov't of shoulder joint?

Back 10

Mostly flexion and extension. Some abduction, adduction and rotation permissible

Front 11

Shoulder is normally flexed at what angle?
Therefore it helps in what aspect?

Back 11

Joint normally partially flexed (115 degrees), hence provides an excellent anti-concussion mechanism in the forelimb

Front 12

Another name of elbow joint?

What type of joint is this?

Back 12

CUBITAL

Compound Synovial, hinge (ginglymus)

Front 13

The forelimb bears ____ of the body weight?

Back 13

between 55% and 60%

Front 14

About 95% of the lameness problems are said to occur where?

Back 14

below the carpus.

Front 15

Bones present in elbow?

Back 15

Distal end of humerus (condyle), the fovea capitis of head of radius and the trochlear notch of the ulna.

Front 16

Where does common digital extensor insert?

Back 16

P3

Front 17

Where does DDF insert?

Back 17

P3

Front 18

Where does SDF insert?
(edit response)

Back 18

bunch of places, it forks over DDF creating manica flexoria
(edit response)

Front 19

Pastern joint

Coffin joint

Back 19

PIP

DIP

Front 20

_____ ligament also, along with _____tendon, prevents buckling forward of pastern joint when foot hits the ground.

Back 20

Oblique Sesamoiden ligament along with SDF tendon prevents buckling FORWARD of pastern joint (PIP) when foot hits ground.

Front 21

thought to be distal continuations of the interosseus muscle.

Back 21

The distal sesamoidean ligaments

Front 22

two bands of fibres, crossing each other, from bases of sesamoids to opposite eminence on proximal end of first phalanx.

Back 22

the deep (or cruciate) sesamoidean ligament

assist interosseus muscle in support of the fetlock joint.

Front 23

Two ligaments running from axial sides of the bases of sesamoid bone to the abaxial side of eminence of the proximal phalanx.

Back 23

Short sesamoidean ligaments

Front 24

extends from the sesamoid bones and intersesamoidean ligament to fibrocartilage lip on palmar aspect of proximal end of middle (2nd) phalanx. Straight fibres;
long.

Back 24

superficial (straight) sesamoidean ligament:

Front 25

formerly suspensory ligament; also known as the superior sesamoidean ligament

Back 25

The interosseus muscle : little muscle in the foal, and entirely tendinous in the adult horse. Well formed,

Front 26

Where does interosseus muscle aka suspensory ligament insert?

Back 26

Divides/forks at distal 1/4 of cannon bone into two

Each division inserts on abaxial surface of each proximal sesamoid bone

another pair of branches comes off and goes dorsally to dorsal surface of proximal phalanx.

Front 27

what are dorsal branches of interosseus muscles called?

where does it go?

Back 27

<extensor slip> to the common digital extensor tendon over dorsal surface of proximal phalanx.

Front 28

support of the fetlock,
preventing over-extension (dorsal flexion) of the joint when foot on the ground
the dorsal branch limits flexion of the joint, and prevents deep flexor tendon from flexing the joint as a result of tension on it (deep flexor), when limb is on the ground and joint is extended.

Back 28

functions of extensor slip

Front 29

extends from the bases of the sesamoid bones to palmar surface of proximal phalanx.

Back 29

middle (or oblique) sesamoidean ligament

Front 30

hardest worked joint in forelimb?

most often injured (more stressed)?

Back 30

hock/carpus

1st: fetlock joint
2nd: coffin joint (DIP)

Front 31

what do proximal sesamoid bones articulate with?

Back 31

only distal end of canon (MC3)

Front 32

what connects navicular bone to P3?

Back 32

distal sesamoidean impar (navicular) ligament

Front 33

"cry first"

Back 33

Fracture of the proximal sesamoid bone(s)

Front 34

What are the ligaments of the fetlock joint?

Back 34

Collateral ligaments (deep and superficial)
Collateral sesamoidean ligaments