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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the two major bones that make up the skull?
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Neurocranium and facial skeleton
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What is the neurocranium and what does it contain?
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Neurocranium- brain case
Contains: blood vessels, cranial nerves, meninges, brain |
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What are the names of the roof and the floor of the neurocranium?
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Roof: Calvaria
Floor: Cranial base |
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What bones make up the cranial base of the neurocranium?
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ethomoid, occipital, and temporal bones
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What are the 8 bones that form the neurocranium?
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frontal, temporal (2), parietal (2), occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid
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What are the 14 bones that make up the facial skeleton?
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lacrimal (2), nasal (2), maxillae (2), zygomatic (2), palatine (2), inferior nasal conchae (2), *mandible (1), vomer (1)
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What are the 6 bones that make up the orbits (RIM and INSIDE)?
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RIM: frontal, maxilla, zygomatic
INSIDE: lacrimal, sphenoid, ethmoid |
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Name the three sutures of the skull
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coronal
sagittal lambdoid |
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What does the coronal suture connect?
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Coronal suture connects frontal bone with 2 parietal bones
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What does the sagittal suture connect?
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Sagittal suture connects the 2 parietal bones
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What does the lambdoid suture connect?
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Lambdoid suture connects parietal and occipital bone
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What are the 5 features of the temporal bone?
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1. external auditory meatus
2. internal auditory meatus 3. mastoid process 4. styloid process 5. zygomatic process |
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What is directly posterior to the external auditory meatus of the temporal bone?
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Mastoid process is directly posterior to the EAM
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What are the 2 processes that form the zygomatic arch?
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1. Zygomatic process of the temporal bone
2. Temporal process of the zygomatic bone |
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What are the 2 structures located inside the zygomatic arch?
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1. greater win of the sphenoid bone
2. pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone |
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What are the 4 important features of the Ethmoid bone?
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1. orbital plate
2. perpendicular plate 3. cribiform plate 4. crista galli |
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What are the 4 muscles that insert on the Superior Nuchal Line?
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1. trapezius
2. splenius 3. semispinalis capitis 4. longissimus capitis |
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What are the 3 muscles that insert on the Inferior Nuchal Line?
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1. superior obliques
2. rectus capitus posterior major 3. rectus capitus posterior minor |
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Where are the superior and inferior nuchal lines located?
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external occipital protuberance (back of skull)
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What is the strongest bone in the body?
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mandible
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What are the 2 parts of the mandible and where are they located? (front or back?)
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1. ramus: upright part in the back
2. body: horizontal part in the front |
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What are the 2 parts of the ramus?
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1. coronoid process anterior
2. condylar process posterior condylar process has head and neck |
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Where is the pterygoid fossa located?
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anterior to the neck of the condylar process of the mandible
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Where is the mandibular notch located?
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between the condylar process (back) and the coronoid process (front)
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What is the angle of the mandible?
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Where the ramus and body come together
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What are the anterior structures of the mandible?
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mental protuberance
mental tubercle oblique line |
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What is the function of the oblique line?
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separates the body from the alveolar (teeth) portion of the mandible
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What is the main artery that supplies blood to the face?
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common carotid artery (CCA)
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The common carotid artery splits at the superior border of the thyroid cartilage to become what two branches?
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1. internal carotid artery
2. external carotid artery |
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What does the external carotid artery supply?
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supplies blood to the face via facial and temporal arteries
supplies the entire face except for the glabella |
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What structures does the internal carotid artery supply with blood?
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1. glabella
2. brain (forms part of the Circle of Willis) |
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What is CN V (5) and what is its function?
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Trigeminal N.
sensation to the entire face innervates muscles of mastication (chewing) |
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What is CN VII (7) and what is its function?
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Facial N (CN 7)
innervates muscles of facial expression |
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Frontalis
Function |
raises eyebrows
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Corrugator
Function |
knits eyebrows together
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Procerus
Function |
wrinkles nose
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Orbicularis oris
Function |
closes mouth
(gravity opens the mouth) |
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Zygomaticus
Function |
raises corners of mouth superior lateral (real smile)
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Dilator nares
Function |
opens the nostrils
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Compressor nares
Function |
closes nostrils
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Risorius
Function |
fake smile
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Levator labii superioris
Function |
raises upper lip
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Levator anguli oris
Function |
raises corner of mouth
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Depressor anguli oris
Function |
depresses corner of mouth
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Depressor labii inferioris
Function |
depresses lower lip
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Buccinator
Function |
compresses the cheeks
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What is dysphasia and what muscle is involved?
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dysphasia occurs after stroke
patients lose the ability to push food back into the oral cavity--> can lead to choking Buccinator muscle is affected |
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Orbicularis oculi
Function |
closes the eye
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Levator palpebrae superioris
Function |
elevates the eyelids
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What is the only facial muscle not considered a muscle of facial expression?
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the levator palpebrae superioris is innervated by CN3, not the facial n. and is therefore not considered a muscle of facial expression
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What CN innervates all facial muscles?
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Facial N. (CN 7)
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