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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
where is the dorsal radial tubercle (of Lister)? what is its function?
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distal end of radius
acts as pulley for extensor pollicis longus |
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which muscles are in the superficial layer of flexor forearm compartment?
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pronator teres
flexor carpi radialis palmaris longus flexor carpi ulnaris |
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what is the common origin for the muscles in the superficial layer of the flexor forearm compartment?
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anterior portion of medial epicondyle of humerus
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which muscles are in the intermediate layer of the flexor forearm compartment?
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flexor digitorum superficialis (sublimis)
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what innervates the flexor digitorum superficialis?
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median nerve
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what is the relationship of the median nerve to the flexor digitorum superficialis?
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lies deep to the flexor digitorum superficialis
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what are the proximal attachments of the flexor digitorum superficialis?
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humerus
ulna radius |
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what is the arrangement of tendons from the flexor digitorum superficialis in the carpal tunnel?
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3 4
2 5 |
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which tendons travel through the carpal tunnel?
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flexor digitorum superficialis (4)
flexor digitorum profundus (4) flexor pollicis longus (1) total = 9 tendons |
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what forms the carpal tunnel?
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carpal bones of wrist
flexor retinaculum |
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what is the action of the flexor digitorum superficialis?
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flexes the proximal interphalangeal joints
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what are the branches of the ulnar artery in the forearm?
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anterior ulnar recurrent artery
posterior ulnar recurrent artery common interosseous artery muscular branches palmar and dorsal carpal arteries |
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with what artery does the anterior ulnar recurrent artery anastomose?
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inferior ulnar collateral artery
(from the brachial artery) |
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with what artery does the posterior ulnar recurrent artery anastomose?
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superior ulnar collateral artery
(from the brachial artery) |
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what are the branches of the common interosseous artery?
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anterior interosseous artery
posterior interosseous artery |
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what are the branches of the radial artery in the forearm?
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musculararteries
radial recurrent artery palmar carpal branch superficial palmar branch |
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with what artery does the radial recurrent artery anastomose?
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profunda brachii
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with what artery does the profunda brachii anastomose?
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radial recurrent artery
(from radial artery) |
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what muscles are in the deep layer of the forearm muscles in the flexor compartment?
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pronator quadratus
flexor pollicis longus flexor digitorum profundus |
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from what nerve does the anterior interosseous nerve branch?
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median nerve
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from what nerve does the posterior interosseous nerve branch?
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radial nerve
(continuation of deep branch of radial nerve after it has passed through the supinator muscle) |
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what is the action of the flexor digitorum profundus?
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flexes distal interphalangeal joints
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what innervates the pronator quadratus?
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anterior interosseous nerve
(from median nerve) |
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what innervates the flexor pollicis longus?
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anterior interosseous nerve
(from median nerve) |
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what innervates the flexor digitorum profundus?
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lateral 1/2 - anterior interosseous nerve
(from median nerve) medial 1/2 - ulnar nerve |
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which flexor muscles in the forearm are innervated by the ulnar nerve?
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medial 1/2 of flexor digitorum profundus
flexor carpi ulnaris (also elbow joint) |
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what branches off of the ulnar nerve just proximal to the wrist?
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palmar and dorsal cutaneous branches
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what accompanies the ulnar nerve through most of the forearm?
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ulnar artery
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what nerve lies just deep to the brachioradialis muscle?
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superficial radial nerve
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what accompanies the radial artery in the forearm?
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superficial radial nerve
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where does the superficial radial nerve become cutaneous?
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about 5cm proximal to the styloid process of the radius
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where does the median nerve run in the forearm?
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between flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor digitorum profundus
then deep to the flexor retinaculum |
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which flexor muscles in the forearm are innervated by the median nerve?
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all except flexor carpi ulnaris and medial half of flexor digitorum profundus
(pronator quadratus, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor pollicis longus, pronator quadratus, lateral 1/2 of flexor digitorum profundus) also elbow and wrist joints |
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what is the internervous line of the forearm? where is it?
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line that extends between the flexor carpi ulnaris and the flexor digitorum superficialis, which separates the flexor muscles innervated by the median nerve from those innervated by the ulnar nerve
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what nerve crosses the ulnar artery?
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median nerve
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when does the radial artery cross the radial nerve?
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it approaches and runs with the radial nerve, but never crosses it
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when does the ulnar artery cross the ulnar nerve?
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it approaches and runs with the ulnar nerve, but never crosses it
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what arteries supply the hand? via what branches?
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radial - deep palmar arch
ulnar - superficial palmar arch |
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from what artery does the deep palmar arch arise?
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dr su
deep palmar arch arises from the radial artery |
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from which artery does the superficial palmar arch arise?
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dr su
superficial palmar arch arises from the ulnar artery |
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what artery(ies) provide most of the blood supply for the forearm?
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common interosseous branch of the ulnar artery via anterior and posterior interosseous arteries
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how do the anterior and posterior interosseous nerves differ from the anterior and posterior interosseous arteries?
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ant. n. - arises from median nerve and doesn't cross into extensor compartment
ant. a. - arises from common interosseous branch from ulnar artery and crosses into extensor compartment as the posterior interosseous a. fails post. n. - arises from radial nerve and efficiently innervates extensor compartment post. a. - arises from common interosseous branch of ulnar artery and is insufficient to supply the entire extensor compartment |
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through what two heads of muscle do each of the three nerves of the forearm pass?
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median nerve - 2 heads of pronator teres
ulnar nerve - 2 heads of flexor carpi ulnaris (cubital tunnel) posterior interosseous nerve - 2 layers of supinator muscle |
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what are the eight bones of the wrist?
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from lateral to medial, and proximal to distal: Some Lovers Try Positions That They Can't Handle
scapphoid lunate triquetrum pisiform trapezium trapezoid capitate hamate |
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to what does the flexor retinaculum (transverse carpal ligament) attach?
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lateral - scaphoid and trapezium
medial - hook of hamate and pisiform |
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what are the contents of the carpal tunnel?
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flexor digitorum superficialis (2x2)
flexor digitorum profundus (sxs) flexor pollicis longus median nerve flexor carpi radialis |
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what causes carpal tunnel syndrome?
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compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel as the result of a swelling in one of the tendons passing through the tunnel
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what are the symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome?
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weakness and wasting of thenar muscles (loss of opposition of thumb)
anesthesia over lateral 3.5 digits |
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how is carpal tunnel syndrome treated surgically?
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cutting the flexor retinaculum to relieve pressure and symptoms
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why is the skin over the thenar muscles not affected in carpal tunnel syndrome?
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it is innervated by the palmar cutaneous branch of the median nerve or lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm, which enter the palm superficial to the carpal tunnel
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