Anatomy - Eye & Orbit

Front 1

What bones make up the bony orbit?

Back 1

ehtmoid, sphenoid, frontal, maxilla, zygomatic, lacrimal, and palatine bones

Front 2

What is the periorbita?

Back 2

thickened periosteum of orbital bones that is continuous with periosteal dura and periosteum of external skull via optic canal, orbital fissures, orbital margins

Front 3

What bones make up the orbital margin?

Back 3

frontal, maxilla and zygomatic bones

Front 4

What makes up the superior wall of the bony orbit?

Back 4

mainly orbital plate of frontal bone

Front 5

What makes up the medial wall of the bony orbit?

Back 5

mainly thin orbital plate of ethmoid

Front 6

What makes up the inferior wall of the bony orbit?

Back 6

mainly very thin orbital plate of maxilla with sinus lying inferiorly

Front 7

What makes up the lateral wall of the bony orbit?

Back 7

mainly thick zygomatic bone

Front 8

What are the tarsal plates?

Back 8

- connective tissue in eyelid with levator palpebrae superioris inserting into superior plate
- palpebral part of orbicularis oculi lies superficial to plates

Front 9

What are lacrimal papillae?

Back 9

raised structure, with punctum, at medial end of margin of each lid

Front 10

What is the conjunctiva?

Back 10

- palpebral layer lines eyelids and reflects onto eye as bulbar conjunctiva
- fornices are recesses formed by reflection of conjunctiva onto eye

Front 11

What are the medial and lateral canthus?

Back 11

- angle formed by meeting of palpebrae
- medial has lacrimal lake, a reddish area with lacrimal caruncle
- plica semilunaris is fold of conjunctiva lateral to caruncle

Front 12

What are lateral puncta?

Back 12

openings of lacrimal canaliculi at apex of lacrimal papillae

Front 13

What is the lacrimal sac?

Back 13

- lies in lacrimal groove of maxilla/lacrimal bones and receives canaliculi
- empties into nasolacrimal duct

Front 14

Where does the nasolarimal duct drain into?

Back 14

nasal cavity

Front 15

Where is the lacrimal gland?

Back 15

lies in superolateral aspect of orbit

Front 16

What nerve innervates the extrinsic eye muscles?

Back 16

CN III (oculomotor) except, superior oblique (CN IV) and lateral rectus (CN VI)

Front 17

What innervates levator palpebrae superioris?

Back 17

CN III, oculomotor nerve

Front 18

What is the action of lateral rectus?

Back 18

aBduction

Front 19

What is the action of medial rectus?

Back 19

aDduction

Front 20

What is the action of superior rectus?

Back 20

elevation and aDduction

Front 21

What is the action of inferior rectus?

Back 21

depression and aDduction

Front 22

What is the action of superior oblique?

Back 22

depression and aBduction

Front 23

What is the action of inferior oblique?

Back 23

elevation and aBduction

Front 24

Where does levator palpebrae superioris insert?

Back 24

into superior tarsal plate

Front 25

What innervates the superior tarsal muscle?

Back 25

sympathetics

Front 26

The ophthalmic artery is a branch of which artery?

Back 26

internal carotid

Front 27

How does the ophthalmic artery enter the orbit?

Back 27

through the optic canal

Front 28

The _____________ pierces dural sheath of the optic nerve to enter eye through optic disc

Back 28

central artery

Front 29

What is the sole arterial supply to the retina?

Back 29

central artery

Front 30

What do the ethmoidal arteries supply?

Back 30

nasal cavity, frontal sinus and ethmoid air cells

Front 31

What arteries supply the anterior scalp?

Back 31

supratrochlear and supraorbital cross superior orbital margin to supply anterior scalp

Front 32

What artery supplies the eyeball?

Back 32

ciliary arteries

Front 33

What vein communicates with the cavernous sinus?

Back 33

superior ophthalmic vein

Front 34

What vein communicates with pterygoid plexus and with cavernous sinus via superior ophthalmic?

Back 34

inferior ophthalmic vein

Front 35

What does the lacrimal nerve innervate?

Back 35

conjunctiva, upper lid and carries parasympathetic postganglionic fibers to lacrimal gland

Front 36

What does the frontal nerve innervate?

Back 36

divides into supratrochlear and supraorbital and innervates anterior scalp

Front 37

What are the branches of nasociliary nerve?

Back 37

ethmoidlal nerves, short ciliary, and long ciliary

Front 38

What do the ethmoidal nerves innervate?

Back 38

nasal cavity and nasal sinuses

Front 39

What type of fibers do short ciliary carry?

Back 39

parasympathetics to ciliary and constrictor pupillae muscles

Front 40

What type of fibers do long ciliary carry?

Back 40

sympathetics to dilator pupillae muscle