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73 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
A condition characterized by unusually sensitive, irritable, inflamed conducting passageways.
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asthma
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A partially or completely collapsed lung.
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atelectasis
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An inflammation of the bronchial lining.
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bronchitis
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Applying cycles of compression to the rib cage and mouth-to-mouth breathing to maintain circulatory and respiratory function.
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cardiopulmonary resuscitation
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A relatively common, lethal inherited disease in which mucous secretions in the lungs become too thick to be transported easily.
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cystic fibrosis
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A chronic, progressive condition characterized by shortness of breath and resulting from the destruction of respiratory exchange surfaces.
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emphysema
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A nosebleed caused by trauma, infection, allergies, hypertension, or other factors.
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epistaxis
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A method of applying abdominal pressure to force the expulsion of foreign objects lodged in the trachea or larynx.
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Heimlich maneuever
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Infection or inflammation of the larynx.
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laryngitis
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A class of aggressive malignancies originating in the bronchial passageways or alveoli.
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lung cancer
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An abnormal accumulation of fluid within the pleural cavities.
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pleural effusion
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A condition caused by an infection of the lobules of the lung and characterized by a decline in respiratory function due to fluid leakage into the alveoli and/or swelling and constriction of the respiratory bronchioles.
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pneumonia
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The entry of air into the pleural cavity
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pneumothorax
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Blockage of a pulmonary artery by a blood clot, fat mass, or air bubble.
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pumonary embolism
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A condition resulting from inadequate surfactant production; characterized by collapse of the alveoli and an inability to maintain adequate levels of gas exchange at the lungs.
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respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)
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Serious clinical conditions caused by the inhalation of dust or other particulate matter in sufficient quantities to overload the respiratory defense system, resulting in lung scarring and a reduction in respiratory function.
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silicosis, asbestosis, anthracosis
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Removal of a sample of pleural fluid for diagnostic evaluation.
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thoracentesis
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Insertion of a tube through an incision in the anterior tracheal wall to bypass a foreign body or damaged larynx.
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tracheostomy
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(TB): Infection of the lungs by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Symptoms are variable but usually include coughing and chest pain, with fever, night sweats, fatigue, and weight loss.
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tuberculosis
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Blockage of the lower part of the esophagus due to weak peristalsis and malfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter.
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achalasia
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A painful condition caused by blockage of the cystic or common bile duct by gallstones.
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cholecystitis
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Presence of gallstones in the gallbladder.
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cholelithiasis
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A condition caused by scarring of the liver following destruction of hepatocytes by drug exposure, viral infection, ischemia, or other factors.
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cirrhosis
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Irritation of the colon, leading to abnormal bowel function.
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colitis
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Attachment and opening of the colon to the abdominal wall, bypassing the distal portion of the large intestine
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colostomy
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Infrequent defecation of small, dry, hard feces, usually less than three times a week. Constipation occurs when fecal materials move through the colon so slowly that excessive reabsorption of water occurs. Inadequate dietary fiber and water and lack of exercise are common causes of constipation.
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constipation
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Frequent, watery bowel movements. Bacterial, viral, or protozoan infection of the colon or small intestine can cause acute bouts of diarrhea lasting several days.
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diarrhea
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A condition in which pockets (diverticula) form in the mucosa of the colon, usually in the sigmoid colon.
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diverticulosis
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Irritation of the small intestine by toxins or other irritants; causes diarrhea due to frequent peristalsis along the small intestine
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enteritis
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Inflammation of the esophagus due to erosion by gastric juices.
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esophagitis
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Surgical removal of the stomach; a potential treatment for stomach cancer.
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gastrectomy
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Surgical procedures to promote weight loss by blocking off a large portion of the gastric lumen.
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gastric stapling and gastric bypass
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Inflammation of the gastric mucosa.
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gastritis
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Vomiting and diarrhea caused by an extremely powerful irritating stimulus.
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gastroenteritis
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A fiber-optic instrument used to visualize the interior of the stomach.
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gastroscope
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A digestive disorder characterized by diarrhea, constipation, or an alternation between the two. When constipation is the primary problem, the condition is sometimes called a spastic colon, or spastic colitis.
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome
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A viral infection that most often affects the parotid salivary glands between ages 5 and 9.
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mumps
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An inflammation of the pancreas due to blockage of the pancreatic ducts, bacterial or viral infections, or drug reactions.
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pancreatitis
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A localized erosion of the gastric or duodenal mucosa by acids and enzymes in chyme
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peptic ulcer
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A progressive condition resulting from erosion of the connections between the necks of teeth and the gingiva.
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periodontal disease
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A painful condition resulting from inflammation of the peritoneal membrane.
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peritonitis
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A dense deposit of food particles and bacterial secretions on the surfaces of teeth.
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plaque
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A clinical condition in which the micturition reflex remains intact, but voluntary control of the external urethral sphincter is lost due to CNS damage. Thus, the person cannot prevent the reflexive emptying of the urinary bladder.
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automatic bladder
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“Kidney stones” formed from calcium deposits, magnesium salts, or crystals of uric acid.
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calculi
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Inflammation of the urinary bladder lining, usually from infection.
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cystitis
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Painful urination.
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dysuria
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A technique in which an artificial membrane is used to regulate the composition of the blood and remove waste products.
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hemodialysis
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An inability to voluntarily control urination.
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incontinence
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The presence of kidney stones.
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nephrolithiasis
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An image obtained by taking an x-ray of the kidneys after a radiopaque compound has been administered.
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pyelogram
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Inflammation of the urethral wall.
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urethritis
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Blockage of the conducting system by a calculus or other factors.
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urinary obstruction
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Urinary tract inflammation caused by bacteria or fungal infection.
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urinary tract infection UTI
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A vaginal inflammation resulting from the combined action of several bacteria in extremely high numbers. The bacteria are normally present in small numbers in about 30 percent of adult women. In this form of vaginitis, the vaginal discharge contains epithelial cells and large numbers of bacteria. Antibiotics are often effective in controlling this condition.
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bacterial vaginitis
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A vaginal inflammation resulting from a fungal (yeast) infection. The organism responsible is a component of the normal vaginal microbial population in 30–80 percent of healthy women. Symptoms include itching and burning sensations, and a lumpy white discharge may also be produced. Antifungal medications are used to treat this condition.
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candidiasis
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The bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the majority of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) cases, and even asymptomatic infections may result in uterine tube blockage infertility.
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chlamydial infections
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Failure of one or both testes to descend into the scrotum by the time of birth.
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cryptorchidism
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Benign epithelial tumors of the uterine lining.
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endometrial polyps
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Growth of endometrial tissue outside of the uterus.
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endometriosis
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A sexually transmitted disease of the reproductive tract.
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gonorrhea
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Benign myometrial tumors that are the most common reproductive system tumors in women.
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leiomyomas/ fibroids
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Surgical removal of a testis.
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orchiectomy
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An infection of the uterine tubes.
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pelvic inflammatory disease PID
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A malignant, metastasizing cancer that is the second most common cause of cancer deaths in males.
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prostate cancer
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Surgical removal of the prostate gland.
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prostatectomy
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An antigen whose concentration in the blood increases in individuals with prostate cancer or other prostate diseases.
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prostate specific antigen PSA
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Diseases transferred from one individual to another primarily or exclusively through sexual contact. Commons examples include: chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, herpes, and AIDS.
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sexually transmitted diseases STD
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A life-threatening STD that results from infection by the bacterium Treponema pallidum.
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syphilis
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Twisting of the spermatic cord and reduction in testicular blood flow resulting from rotation of the testis inside the scrotal cavity.
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testicular torsion
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A serious vaginal infection by Staphylococcus bacteria. Symptoms include high fever, sore throat, vomiting, diarrhea, and a generalized rash; shock, respiratory distress, and kidney or liver failure may develop. The mortality rate is 10–15 percent, which makes this a very serious condition.
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toxic shock syndrome TSSq
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An infection caused by the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis. The parasite is introduced by sexual contact with a carrier.
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trichomoniasis
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Infection of the vaginal canal by fungal or bacterial pathogens.
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vaginitis
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Surgical removal of a segment of the ductus deferens, making it impossible for spermatozoa to reach the distal portions of the reproductive tract.
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vasectomy
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