Anatomy Exam 2 - Cranial Nerves

Front 1

the cranial nerves that do NOT originate from the brainstem

Back 1

olfactory CN I
optic CN II

Front 2

cranial nerve that attaches to the dorsum of the brainstem

Back 2

trochlear CN IV

Front 3

nerve of smell (olfaction)

Back 3

olfactory nerve CN I

Front 4

cell bodies of the olfactory nerve located in

Back 4

olfactory mucosa of the nose

Front 5

axons pass through the

Back 5

cribiform plate and synapse with secondary neurons in the olfactory bulb

Front 6

axons of secondary neurons form

Back 6

olfactory tract and terminate in the primary olfactory area of the cerebral cortex

Front 7

nerve of sight

Back 7

optic nerve CN II

Front 8

fibers of the optic nerve arise from

Back 8

the retina and pass posteriorly to the apex of the orbit to exit via the optic foramen

Front 9

right and left optic nerves meet at the

Back 9

optic chiasma

Front 10

____ leave the chiasma to terminate in the lateral geniculate bodies of the thalamus

Back 10

optic tracts

Front 11

course of oculomotor nerve CN III:

Back 11

-originates on ventral surface of brainstem
-pierces dura to enter the cavernous sinus
-from sinus it enters the orbit through the superior orbital fissure

Front 12

oculomotor nerve provides ___ fibers to:

Back 12

motor, all extraocular muscles except two
-carries preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the ciliary ganglion and proprioception fibers to the eyeball muscles

Front 13

damage to CN III results in:

Back 13

ptosis, drooping of the upper eyelid and dialation of pupils

Front 14

the most slender CN with the longest intracranial course

Back 14

trochlear nerve CN IV

Front 15

route of the trochlear nerve CN IV

Back 15

-originates from the dorsum of the brain stem and penetrates the dura to enter the cavernous sinus
-from sinus, passes through the superior orbital fissure to enter orbit

Front 16

trochlear nerve supplies:

Back 16

superior oblique muscle of the orbit

Front 17

damage to CN IV results in

Back 17

double vision when patient looks downward and outward

Front 18

nerve of the first arch

Back 18

trigeminal nerve CN V

Front 19

largest cranial nerve

Back 19

trigeminal nerve CN V

Front 20

trigeminal nerve CN V supplies

Back 20

-motor innervation to muscles of mastication
-sensory innervation to head

Front 21

trigeminal nerve has a sensory and a motor root that emerge from

Back 21

the pons

Front 22

semilunar ganglion

Back 22

-contains cell bodies of sensory root fibers
-forms a shallow groove on the anteromedial side of the petrous part of the temporal bone---trigeminal impression

Front 23

divisions of CN V

Back 23

opthalmic-sensory
maxillary-sensory
mandibular-mixed

Front 24

charac of opthalmic division of CN V

Back 24

-smallest of three divisions
-passes thru cavernous sinus
-divides into branches that enter orbit thru superior orbital fissure
-supply orbit with sensory innervation

Front 25

maxillary divison of CN V enters:
and exits skull:

Back 25

cavernous sinus while still inside the skull
through the foramen rotundum

Front 26

major branches of maxillary division of CN V

Back 26

-zygomatic
-palatine
-nasal
-infraorbital

Front 27

zygomatic branch of maxillary divison of CN V supplies

Back 27

skin over the zygomatic bone and the skin b/n and including the lower eyelid and upper lip

Front 28

palatine branch of maxillary divison of CN V supplies

Back 28

supply the soft and hard palates

Front 29

nasal branch of maxillary divison of CN V supplies

Back 29

the mucosa of the nose

Front 30

infraorbital branch of maxillary divison of CN V

Back 30

exits through the infraorbital foramen to supply the skin between and includint the lower eyelid and upper lip

Front 31

mandibular divison of CN V

Back 31

exits skull through foramen ovale to enter the infratemporal fossa
-otic ganglion attached to trunk

Front 32

branches of mandibular division of CN V

Back 32

-motor branches to medial and lateral pterygoids, temporalis, and masseter
-buccal (long buccal)
-auriculotemporal
-lingual
-inferior alveolar

Front 33

buccal branch of mandibular division of CN V supplies

Back 33

sensory to buccal mucosa and adjacent gigiva

Front 34

auriculotemporal branch of mandibular division of CN V supplies

Back 34

sensory to TMJ, external acoustic meatus, skin of temple and scalp
-postganglionic sympathetic fibers for the parotid gland

Front 35

lingual branch of mandibular division of CN V supplies

Back 35

-sensory to anterior 2/3 of the tongue
-enters floor of mouth
-carries taste and parasympathetic fibers

Front 36

inferior alveolar branch of mandibular division of CN V supplies

Back 36

-enters mandibular formen and courses thru mandibular canal
-gives branches to mandibular teeth
-gives off a mental branch that exits from the mental foramen

Front 37

route of the abducens nerve CN VI

Back 37

-leaves brain at the lower border of the pons
-traverses the cavernous sinus before passing through the superior orbital fissure to enter the orbit

Front 38

abducens nerve CN VI supplies

Back 38

one extraocular muscle - lateral rectus muscle

Front 39

damage to CN VI results in

Back 39

eye not able to move laterally beyond the midpoint

Front 40

nerve of the second arch

Back 40

facial nerve CN VII

Front 41

route of facial nerve CN VII

Back 41

-accompanies CN VIII into the internal auditory meatus
-at distal end of the meatus, enters facial canal and exits at the stylomastoid foramen
-distal to stylomastoid foramen, enters parotid gland where it divides into 5 terminal branches

Front 42

branches given off by CN VII in the facial canal

Back 42

-branch to stapedius muscle
-chorda tympani
-greater petrosal nerve

Front 43

fibers in chorda tympani

Back 43

-preganglionic parasympathetic and taste fibers

Front 44

fibers in greater petrosal nerve

Back 44

-preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the pterygopalatine gangliion
-postganglionic fibers go to supply the lacrimal gland

Front 45

branches given off of CN VII after exiting stylomastoid foramen

Back 45

-branches to posterior belly of digastric and stylohyoid muscles
-branches to muscles of facial expression (temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular, cervical)

Front 46

type of fibers in CN VII

Back 46

-motor
-secretory parasympathetic to sublingual, submandibular and lacrimal glands
-taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue and from the palate

Front 47

route of CN VIII

Back 47

-leaves lateral aspect of the brainstem with CN VII and courses w/ nerve through the internal acoustic meatus

Front 48

nerve of hearing

Back 48

cochlear division of CN VIII

Front 49

nearve of equilibrium

Back 49

vestibular divison of CN VIII

Front 50

nerve of the third arch

Back 50

glossopharyngeal nerve CN IX

Front 51

route of CN IX

Back 51

-leaves lateral side of medulla with CN X and CN XI
-leaves cranium through jugular foramen

Front 52

CN IX supplies

Back 52

-motor branch to stylopharyngeus muscle
-terminal branches to posterior 1/3 of tongue, including circumvallate papillae
-small branch to carotid sinus

Front 53

CN IX joins CN X and XI and postganglionic sympathetic fibers to form

Back 53

pharyngeal plexus

Front 54

nerve of 4th arch

Back 54

vagus nerve CN X

Front 55

course of CN X

Back 55

-leaves brain from lateral side of medulla and exits thru jugular foramen
-L vagus enters thorax by passing ant to arch of aorta
-R passes over the subclavian a

Front 56

branches of CN X

Back 56

-branches to pharyngeal plexus and soft palate
-superior laryngeal and recurrent laryngeal nerves to the larynx
-cardiac branches
-branch to carotid sinus

Front 57

nerve formed by both cranial and spinal components

Back 57

spinal accessory n CN XI

Front 58

CN XI route

Back 58

-leaves lateral side of medulla and unites with spinal part to pass thru jugular foramen
-cranial part separates and joins vagus to contribute to pharyngeal plexus
-spinal originates C1-C5 and enters cranium thru foramen magnum

Front 59

CN XI supplies

Back 59

-contribute to pharyngeal plexus
-SCM
-trapezius

Front 60

CN XII route

Back 60

-leaves medulla slightly medial to CN IX, X, XI and exits throu hypoglossal canal
-courses b/n internal carotid and internal jugular
-loops around occipital artery, and enters oral cavity

Front 61

CN XII supplies

Back 61

-motor branches to the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of tongue

Front 62

damage to CN XII causes

Back 62

protruded tongue will deviate towards the side of the lesion