Anatomy - Digestive System

Front 1

The functions of the digestive system begin when food is taken into ...

Back 1

the mouth or oral cavity

Front 2

Digestion

Back 2

this process occurs as food is broken down both chemically and mechanically

Front 3

How are broken down foods made available to body cells?

Back 3

They must be absorbed through the digestive system walls into the blood

Front 4

What happens to un-digestible foods remain?

Back 4

They are removed or eliminated from the body in feces.

Front 5

Alimentary canal

Back 5

The organs forming a continuous tube from mouth to anus collectively.

Front 6

accessory digestive system organs

Back 6

organs located outside the digestive proper, which secrete their products into the digestive tract

Front 7

Intestinal glands

Back 7

produce enzyme-poor "juice" containing mucus; food in the submucosa of the small intestine.

Front 8

salivary glands

Back 8

secretion includes amylase, which begins starch digestion in the mouth

Front 9

pancreas

Back 9

ducts a variety of enzymes in an alkaline fluid into the duodenum

Front 10

liver

Back 10

produces bile, which is transported to the duodenum via the common bile duct

Front 11

gastric glands

Back 11

produce hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen

Front 12

mesentery

Back 12

structure that suspends the small intestine from the posterior body wall

Front 13

villi

Back 13

fingerlike extensions of the intestinal mucosa that increase the surface area

Front 14

oral cavity and stomach

Back 14

two anatomic regions involved in the mechanical breakdown of food

Front 15

tongue

Back 15

organ that mixes food in the mouth and initiates swallowing

Front 16

pharynx

Back 16

common passage for air and food

Front 17

esophagus

Back 17

literally a food chute; has no digestive or absorptive role

Front 18

microvilli

Back 18

projections of the plasma membrane of a cell that increases the cell's surface area

Front 19

illeocecal valve

Back 19

prevents food from moving back into the small intestine once it has entered the large intestine

Front 20

stomach

Back 20

organ in which protein digestion begins

Front 21

small intestine

Back 21

organ into which the stomach empties

Front 22

pyloric sphincter

Back 22

sphincter, controlling the movement of food from the stomach into the duodenum

Front 23

small intestine

Back 23

organ that receives pancreatic juice and bile

Front 24

anal canal

Back 24

regions, containing two sphincters, through which feces are expelled from the body