Anatomy Chapters 9-11 : Exam 3

Front 1

Where two bones interconnect.

Back 1

articulations

Front 2

range of movement --> no movement.

Back 2

synarthrosis

Front 3

range of movement --> some movement.

Back 3

amphiarthrosis

Front 4

range of movement --> freely moveable.

Back 4

diarthrosis

Front 5

4 types of synarthrosis (immoveable) articulations

Back 5

suture, gomphosis,, synostosis, and synchondroses

Front 6

type of synarthrosis articulation, acticulating bones joined by a thin layer of dense connective tissure.

ex: between bones of the skull ONLY

Back 6

suture

Front 7

type of synarthrosis articulation, cone shaped peg fits into socket

ex: teeth in maxillary and mandible.

Back 7

gomphosis

Front 8

type of synarthrosis articulation, created by fusion of two bones; boundary between them disappears.

ex: formation of the epiphyseal line.

Back 8

synostsis

Front 9

type of synarthrosis articulation, connecting material is cartilage. Cartilage bridge between two bones.

ex: connects epiphysis with diaphysis in growing long bone.

Back 9

synchodroses

Front 10

these articulations, the bones are connected by collagen fibers or cartilage.

Back 10

amphiarthroses

Front 11

2 types of amphiarthroses (slightly moveable) articulations

Back 11

syndesmosis and symphysis

Front 12

type of amphiarthroses articulation, articulating bones joined by ligaments (dense connective tissue)

ex: btw. ulna and radius and btw. tibia and fibula.

Back 12

syndesmosis

Front 13

type of amphiarthroses articulation, articulating bones joined by fibrocartilage.

ex: intervertebral disc

Back 13

symphsis

Front 14

surrounds joints and is filled with synovial fluid.

Back 14

joint cavity

Front 15

thick fluid, rich in proteoglycan. lucrication, nutrient distribution, and shock absorption.

Back 15

synovial fluid

Front 16

covers joint; continuous with periosteum of bone.

Back 16

outer fibrous articular capsule

Front 17

4 types of accessory structures:

Back 17

cartilages and fat pads, accessory ligaments, tendons, and bursae

Front 18

2 kinds of cartilages and fat pads:

Back 18

meniscus and fat pads

Front 19

pad of fibrous cartilage between bones

Back 19

meniscus

Front 20

areas of fat covered by synovial membrane

Back 20

fat pads

Front 21

2 kinds of accessory ligaments:

Back 21

extracapsular and intracapsular

Front 22

ligaments located OUTSIDE joint capsule.

Back 22

extracapsular

Front 23

ligaments located INSIDE joint capsule.

Back 23

intracapsular

Front 24

may pass across or around joint. help to provide stability and support.

Back 24

tendons

Front 25

small fluid pockets in connective tissue. contain synovial fluid and are lined by a synovial membrane.

Back 25

bursae

Front 26

6 types of synovial joints:

Back 26

gliding, hinge, pivot, ellipsoidal or condyloid, saddle, and ball-and-socket.

Front 27

type of synovial joint: articulating surfaces are flat or slightly curved --> nonaxial

Back 27

gliding

Front 28

type of synovial joint: ex. ends of clavicles, btw carpals; btw ribs 2-7 and sternum; btw. articular processes of adjacent vertebrae.

Back 28

gliding

Front 29

type of synovial joint: C-shaped surface of one bone swings about rounded surface of another bone --> monoaxial

Back 29

hinge

Front 30

type of synovial joint: ex. knee, elbow, ankle, intrerphalangeal joints

Back 30

hinge

Front 31

type of synovial joint: a ring of bone rotates about process of a bone --> monoaxial rotation

Back 31

pivot

Front 32

type of synovial joint: ex. atlas and axis; head of the radius and proximal shaft of the ulna

Back 32

pivot

Front 33

type of synovial joint: an oval condyle of one bone fits into a depression on another bone --> biaxial

Back 33

ellipsoidal or condyloid

Front 34

type of synovial joint: ex. radius with proximal carpals; phalanges with metacarpals, phalanges with metatarsals.

Back 34

ellipsoidal or condyloid

Front 35

type of synovial joint: resembles a saddle (concave in one direction/convex in other) --> biaxial

Back 35

saddle

Front 36

type of synovial joint: ex. carpometacarpal joint at base of thumbs (twiddling)

Back 36

saddle

Front 37

type of synovial joint: ball like head of one bone fits into cup shaped socket of another --> tiaxial

Back 37

ball-and-socket

Front 38

type of synovial joint: ex. shoulder and hip

Back 38

ball-and-socket

Front 39

angular motion: decreases angle between articulating bones in the anterior/posterior

Back 39

flexion

Front 40

angular motion: increase the angle between articulating bone in the anterior/posterior plane

Back 40

extension

Front 41

angular motion: continuation of extension beyond anatomical position (head/back)

Back 41

hyperextension

Front 42

angular motion: movement away from the midline

Back 42

abduction

Front 43

angular motion: movement toward the midline

Back 43

adduction

Front 44

angular motion: proximal ends remain stable, and distal end moves in a circle

Back 44

circumduction

Front 45

angular motion: movement of a bone around a long axis.

Back 45

rotation