Anatomy Chapter 5: Tissues

Front 1

Histology

Back 1

The study of tissue

Front 2

Definition of tissues

Back 2

Groups of cells that perform a common function

Front 3

Components of tissues

Back 3

cells and matrix

Front 4

Types of tissues

Back 4

. epithelial
connective
muscle
nervous

Front 5

Epithelial Function

Back 5

Protection,
Secretion
Absorption,
Excretion

Front 6

Epithelial Location

Back 6

covers body
surface and
lines organs,
makes up glands

Front 7

Epithelial Distinguishing characteristics

Back 7

lack blood vessels,
readily divide,
tightly packed cells

Front 8

Connective Function

Back 8

Bind, support
protect, fill
spaces, store
fat, produce blood
cells

Front 9

Connective Location

Back 9

widely distributed

Front 10

Connective Distinguishing characteristics

Back 10

good blood supply,
cells farther apart
with matrix between

Front 11

Muscle Function

Back 11

Movement

Front 12

Muscle Location

Back 12

attached to bones
walls of hollow internal organs, heart

Front 13

Muscle Distinguishing characteristics

Back 13

contractile,elongated cells

Front 14

Nerve Function

Back 14

Transmit impulses

Front 15

Nerve Distinguishing Characteristics

Back 15

cells connect
to each other
and other body parts

Front 16

Nerve location

Back 16

brain,
spinal cord,
nerves

Front 17

transitional

Back 17

specialized to change in response to tension

Front 18

what is a matrix?

Back 18

dominance of protein fibers
water based solution

Front 19

3 types of matrix?

Back 19

collagenous fibers- white, thick, flexible, slightly elastic, and very strong (Tendons and Ligaments)
Elastic Fibers- yellow, thin, very elastic, and somewhat weak (vocal cords)
Reticular Fibers- very thin branched, delicate (liver and spleen)

Front 20

What are the three types of matrix?

Back 20

Protein
Protein/Ground Substance- some protein fibers, and a great deal of nonfibrous proteins
Fluid Matrix- water based solution

Front 21

What are the three types of matrix?

Back 21

Protein
Protein/Ground Substance- some protein fibers, and a great deal of nonfibrous proteins
Fluid Matrix- water based solution

Front 22

Loose Connective tissue

Back 22

A type of irregularly arranged connective tissue having a large amount of ground substance

Front 23

Dense Connective Tissue

Back 23

Tends to crowd out the cells and ground substance

Front 24

Reticular

Back 24

A connective tissue having collagenous fibers as the principle element

Front 25

Adipose Tissue

Back 25

A type of connective tissue that contains stored fat

Front 26

Hyaline Tissue

Back 26

It contains no nerves or blood vessels, and its structure is relatively simple and at the end of bones

Front 27

Fibrocartilage

Back 27

Disks between the vertibrae

Front 28

What are the discs found between vertebrae called?

Back 28

Fibrocartilage. They work as shock absorbers. Without them, the bone would crunch on top of eachother

Front 29

Elastic cartilage

Back 29

A type of cartilage in the outer ear anf nose (flexible)

Front 30

Compact Bone

Back 30

Hard, around the outside of the bone

Front 31

Spongey Bone

Back 31

Spongey and Soft, on the inside of the bone

Front 32

Blood

Back 32

Contains a large amount of fluid, and doesn''t contain fibers

Front 33

Name the types of connective tissue

Back 33

Loose connective- fibers
Dense regular connective tissue-parralel
Dense Irregular connective tissue- Irregular shape
Adipose- fat
Cartilage-(Hyaline,Elastic,and Fibro)
Bone- Compact and Spongey
(ostyocyte)

Front 34

Name three types of cartilage?

Back 34

Hyaline- small circles
Elastic-compact circles
Fibro-squiggly lines

Front 35

What are the three types of muscle tissue?

Back 35

Cardiac, Smooth, and skeletal

Front 36

describe
smooth muscle
Cardiac muscle

Back 36

linear parallel, smooth
strips with linnear and parralel lines
parralel lines with many linear vertical lines

Front 37

What is the function of a dendrite?

Back 37

Process of a nueron that recieves input, from other neurons

Front 38

What is the function of axons?

Back 38

A nerve fiber. Conducts a nerve impulse, away from the neuron cell body

Front 39

What is the function of neuroglia cells?

Back 39

Specialized cells that communicate with other cells

Front 40

What is tissue engineering?

Back 40

The use of human cells to restore, repair, or maintain human tissue.

Front 41

What are the four steps to tissue engineering?

Back 41

1. Extract cells
2. Build a scaffold for cells to grow on
3. supply nutrients and oxygen to cells
4. Grow cells on the scaffold until they can grow on their own

Front 42

What tissue is easiest to grow?

Back 42

Cartilage
cause it does not need oxygen
it can recieve nutrients from diffusion
It does not need blood vessels to survive

Front 43

What is the ultimate goal of tissue engineering?

Back 43

To replace a nonfunctioning human organ with a completely liveing structure

Front 44

How is stem cell research used in tissue engineering?

Back 44

They could be used t make the tissue in bones