Anatomy Bones And Joints Quiz

Front 1

What are the five functions of bones?

Back 1

Protect, Support, Store calcium, site of blood cell production and an anchor

Front 2

What are the 4 classifications of bones

Back 2

Long, Short, Flat and irregular

Front 3

Diaphysis

Back 3

Elongated shaft of a long bone

Front 4

Epiphysis

Back 4

`the end of a long bone, attached to shaft

Front 5

Periosteum

Back 5

Double layered connective tissue that covers and nourishes the bone

Front 6

Osteoclasts

Back 6

large cells that reabsorb/break down bone matrix

Front 7

osteoblasts

Back 7

bone forming cells

Front 8

edosteum

Back 8

connective tissue that covers the trabeculae of spongy bone cavity's and lines canals that pass through

Front 9

compact bone

Back 9

appears very dense but has many canals and passage ways that serve as conducts for nerves, blood vessels and lymphatic vessels

Front 10

spongy bone

Back 10

consists of trabeculae , looks poorly organized but is actually aligned precisely along the lines of stress

Front 11

steps of bone repair due to a fracture

Back 11

hematoma formation, fibrocartilage callus formation, bony callus formation, remodel

Front 12

3 classifications of joints

Back 12

Synarthros: immovable joints
amphiarthroses: slyghtly movable joints
diarthroses: freely movable joints

Front 13

fibrous joints

Back 13

bones joined by fibrous tissue , no cavity

Front 14

sutures

Back 14

seams, occur only in the bones of the skull

Front 15

sydesmoses

Back 15

fibrous joint where bones are connected by a chord or sheet of fibrous tissue

Front 16

gomphoses

Back 16

peg in socket formation (fibrous joint)

Front 17

cartilaginous joints

Back 17

articulating bones joined by cartilage

Front 18

synchondroses

Back 18

bar/ plate of hyaline cartilage unites bones

Front 19

symphyses

Back 19

surfaces of bones are covered with hyaline cartilage

Front 20

sinovial joints

Back 20

fluid containing joint cavity

Front 21

bursae

Back 21

flat sacs lined with synovial membrane "ball bearing"

Front 22

ligaments

Back 22

help direct bone movement and prevent undesirable motion

Front 23

Gliding movement of synovial

Back 23

flat surface glides or slips over another similar surface

Front 24

angular movement of synovial

Back 24

change increase or decrease the angle between two bones

Front 25

flexion movement of synovial

Back 25

bending movement that decrease the angle of the joint

Front 26

extension movement of synovial

Back 26

bending movement that increases the angle of the joint

Front 27

Foot dorsiflexion

Back 27

move towards shin

Front 28

Plantar flexion of foot

Back 28

pointing of toes

Front 29

abduction

Back 29

move away from the mid line

Front 30

adduction

Back 30

moving toward inline

Front 31

rotation

Back 31

turning bone on its own axis

Front 32

supination

Back 32

radius and ulna are parallel

Front 33

pronation

Back 33

radius rotates over ulna

Front 34

Plane Synovial joints

Back 34

articular surfaces are flat

Front 35

Hinge Synovial joints

Back 35

convex or cylindrical projection of one bone

Front 36

Pivot Synovial joint

Back 36

uniaxial rotation of one bone around its own long axis

Front 37

condyloid synovial joint

Back 37

oval articular surface of one bone fits into complementary concavity in another

Front 38

Saddle Synovial joint

Back 38

resemble a condyloid, but allow more movement

Front 39

Ball & Socket Synovial joint

Back 39

sphere of one fits into socket of another

Front 40

3 commen joint injuries

Back 40

sprain: ligaments reinforcing joint are ripped/stressed
cartilage: mainly tearing of knee meniscus, growth plate fissures
dislocation: bones are forced out of normal position

Front 41

Bursitis

Back 41

inflamation of a bursa

Front 42

Tendonitis

Back 42

inflamation of tendon sheaths

Front 43

arthritis

Back 43

inflammatory/ degenerative disease that damage joints

Front 44

osteoarthritis

Back 44

degenerative joint disease

Front 45

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Back 45

bodies immune system attacks its own tissue

Front 46

When is the parathyroid hormone released

Back 46

When blood calcium levels begin to drop below homeostatic levels. It causes calcium to be released from bones

Front 47

What are Osteocytes

Back 47

Mature bone cells that maintain bone in a viable state.

Front 48

What are Oseoblasts

Back 48

Immature bone cells , matrix depositing

Front 49

What is Calcitonin

Back 49

Causes blood calcium to be deposited in bones as calcium salts

Front 50

Osteoclasts

Back 50

Bone cells that liquefy bone matrix and release calcium to the blood

Front 51

Simple fracture

Back 51

Bone is broken cleanly, ends do not penetrate skin

Front 52

Spiral fracture

Back 52

bone breaks from twisting forces

Front 53

Greenstick fracture

Back 53

bone splinters but doesn't complete

Front 54

Comminuted fracture

Back 54

the bone is crushed

Front 55

Compound fracture

Back 55

bone ends penetrate through skin

Front 56

Impacted fracture

Back 56

broken end are pushed into eachother

Front 57

Depressed fracture

Back 57

common skull fracture

Front 58

Nonsurgical realignment of broken bone

Back 58

closed reduction

Front 59

surgical realignment of broken bones

Back 59

open reduction

Front 60

True/False A hematoma usually forms at the fracture site

Back 60

true