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40 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
In development, the extrinsic back muscles develop from the _______________ and are innervated by the __________ rami of spinal nerves.
-hypomere

-anterior
In development, the intrinsic back muscles develop from the ___________________ and are innervated by the _____________ rami of spinal nerves.
-epimere

-posterior
The upper fibers of the trapezius ____________. The middle fibers of the trapezius ________________. The lower fibers of the trapezius _____________.
-elevate the scapula
-retract the scapula
-depress the scapula
The trapezius is innervated by the ____________.
spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)
Another name for the spinal accessory nerve is...
CN XI
What muscle extends, adducts, and medially rotates the arm?
the latissimus dorsi
If a patient has difficulty climbing, doing push-ups or walking with crutches, which muscle is deficient?
the latissimus dorsi
If a patient is having difficultly contracting the muscle that allows him to walk with crutches, what nerve is deficient?
Thoracodorsal nerve
If a patient is having difficulty elevating his scapula, which muscle(s) might be affected?
-the trapezius

-the levator scapulae
What nerve(s) innervate the levator scapulae?
CN 3, CN 4, CN 5.

CN5 is the dorsal scapular nerve
Another name for the dorsal scapular nerve is...
C5 spinal nerve
If a pt is having difficulty elevating his scapulae, what nerves might be affected?
-Spinal nerves C3, C4, C5 (dorsal scapular nerve) that innervate the levator scapulae

-Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI) that innervates the trapezius
If a pt is having difficulty abducting his arm past the first 15 degrees, which muscle is affected?
deltoid
What does the clavicular part of the deltoid do?
flexes and medially rotates arm
What does the acromial part of the deltoid do?
abducts the arm
What does the scapular part of the deltoid do?
extends and laterally rotates arm
What nerve supplies the deltoid muscle?
Axillary nerve
If a patient is having difficulty abducting his arm past 15 degrees, what nerve is likely involved?
the axillary nerve supplying the deltoid
What are the rotator cuff muscles?

Collectively, what do they do?
S - supraspinatus
I - infraspinatus
T - teres minor
S - subscapularis

They hold the head of the humerus in the glenoid fossa.
Which muscle initiates abduction (first 15 degrees)?
Supraspinatus
Which nerve innervates the suprspinatus muscle?
the suprascapular nerve (gets innervation from spinal nerves C5, C6 combining at the brachial plexus)
The suprascapular nerve arises from what origins in the spine?
spinal nerves C5 and C6, which combine at the brachial plexus
If a pt is having difficulty abducting his arm the first 15 degrees, what nerve is likely involved?
suprascapular nerve
If a pt is having difficultly laterally rotating his arm, what muscle (s) may be involved?
-infraspinatus
-scapular part of the deltoid
-teres minor
What nerve innervates the infraspinatus?
suprascapular nerve (C5, C6 from brachial plexus)
If a pt is having difficulty laterally rotating his arm, what nerve (s) may be involved?
-suprascapular nerve innervating the infraspinatus (from spinal nervesC5, C6)

-axillary nerve innervating the deltoid (scapular part) AND teres minor (also from spinal nerves C5, C6)
What nerve innervates the teres minor?
Axillary nerve (from spinal nerves C5, C6 @ brachial plexus)
If a pt is having difficulty medially rotation his arm, what muscle (s) may be involved?
-subscapularis

-deltoid (clavicular part)

-latissimus dorsi

-teres major
The subscapularis acts to...
medially rotate arm
The subscapularis is innervated by...
upper subscapular nerve (C5, C7)

lower subscapular nerve (C5, C7)
If a pt is having difficulty medially rotating his arm, which nerve might be affected?
-upper and lower subscapular nerves innervating subscapularis

-axillary nerve innervating clavicular part of deltoid

-thoracodorsal nerve innervating latissimus dorsi

-teres major innervated by lower subscapular
The teres major acts to...
-medially rotate arm
-extend arm
-adduct arm
The teres major is innervated by...
lower subscapular nerve (C5-C7)
Why isn't the teres major a rotator (SITS) muscle?
It does not attach to the glenohumeral joint and thereby stabilize it.
The teres minor is innervated by the __________ while the teres major is innervated by the _____________.
-axillary nerve (C5, C6)

-lower subscapular nerve (C5-C7)
The latissimus dorsi muscle has the same actions as the ___________ muscle. What are those actions?
-teres major

-extend, adduct, and medially rotate arm
The subscapularis only medially rotates the arm and does not adduct it. Why is that?
It inserts on the glenohumeral joint, so when it pulls on that attachment it simply allows the arm to rotate around that axis point.
The rhomboid major AND minor muscles act to
retract and downwardly rotate the scapula
The rhomboid major AND minor muscles are innervated by
the dorsal scapular nerve
The dorsal scapular nerve innervates which muscles?
-rhomboid major AND minor
-levator scapulae