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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Vertebral column sections |
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Cavities in vertebral column |
Transverse: Foramen magnum -> vertebral canal ( -> sacral canal -> sacral hiatus Sagital: intervertebral foramen (superior & inferior vertebral notches) |
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Spinous movements |
Flexion Extension Lateral flexion Rotation |
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Joints of vertebral column |
Symphysis (between vertebral bodies) Facet joints (between an/sup articular processes) |
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Ligaments of vertebral column |
Anterior/Posterior Longitudinal L. [v. bodies] L. nuchae (C) -> Supraspinous L. (C7-S) [along processes] Interspinous L's [between processes] L. Flavum [yellow, laminae] |
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Spinal curvatures |
Primary (-> kyphosis)
Secondary (-> lordosis) (scoliosis) |
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Muscles of the back - layers |
Extrinsic - ventral rami of spinal nerves (except for trapezius): Superficial layer - contains muscles that move the upper extremity Intermediate layer - contains muscles of respiration Intrinsic - dorsal rami of spinal nerves: Deep layer - contains the true back muscles that stabilize of move the axial skeleton |
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Superficial layer of the back |
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Innervation of the back |
Accessory nerve (CN XI -> trapezius) Dorsal Rami (intrinsic, skin) Ventral Rami (extrinsic) |
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Blood supply of the back |
Transverse cervical artery (trapezius) Posterior intercostal arteries (aorta -> T) -> Dorsal branches of aorta Lumbar arteries (aorta -> L) |
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Development of the back |
Mesoderm - Paraxial mesoderm -> somites -> /sclerotome(mesenchyme) /myotome(myoblasts-epaxial[dorsal]/hypaxial) /dermatome(dermis of the back) - Intermediate mesoderm - Lateral plate mesoderm -> /Parietal L.-> anterol. body wall & limbs dermis /Visceral L. Notochord -> nucleus palposus |
