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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Muscle Attachments
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at the ends of each muscle, all of the connective tissue merge to form a tendon which attaches the muscle to a bone.
attached at both ends |
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Tendon
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cord-like in appearance
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Aponeuroses
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sometimes flat tendons
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Muscle Movement
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during movement one end of the muscle called the insertion moves towards the other end called the origin
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Agonist (prime mover)
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produces a specific movement when it contracts.
for instance, the biceps brachii is an agonist that causes flexion of the elbow joint |
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Antagonist
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is a muscle whose action opposes that of an agonist.
the triceps brachii would be an antagonist to the biceps brachii |
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Synergist
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is a muscle that assist the agonist or prime mover
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Fixator
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prevent movement of bone
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Naming Skeletal Muscles
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qualities include:
1. Appearance 2. Location 3. Function 4. Orientation 5. Unusual Features |
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SIZE
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Major
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(large)
i.e. pectoral is major |
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Maximus
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(largest)
i.e. gluten maximus |
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Minor
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(small)
i.e. pectoralis minor |
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Minimus
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(smallest)
i.e. gluteus minimus |
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Longus
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(long)
i.e. abductor pollicis longus |
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Longissimus
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(longest)
i.e. longissimus thoracis |
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Brevis
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(short)
i.e. adductor brevis |
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SHAPE
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Rhomboideus
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(rhomboidal)
i.e. rhomboideus major |
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Trapezius
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(trapezoidal)
i.e. trapezius |
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Teres
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(round, cylindrical)
i.e. Pronator teres |
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Deltoid
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(triangular)
i.e. deltoid |
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Quadratus
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(four-sided)
i.e. pronator quadratus |
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LOCATION
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Capitis
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(head)
i.e. splenius capitis |
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Cervicis
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(neck)
i.e. semispinalis cervicis |
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Pectoralis
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(chest)
i.e. pectoralis major |
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Thoracis
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(thorax)
i.e. spinalis thoracis |
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Intercostals
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(between ribs)
i.e. external intercostals |
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Abdominis
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(abdomen)
i.e. rectus abdominis |
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Digitorum
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(fingers or toes)
i.e. flexor digitorum longus |
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Pollicis
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(thumb)
i.e. oppones policis |
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Indicis
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(index finger)
i.e. extensor indicis |
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Hallucis
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(great toe)
i.e. abductor hallucis |
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Superficialis
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(superficial)
i.e. flexor digitorum superficialialis |
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Profundus
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(deep)
i.e. flexor digitorum profundus |
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Lumborum
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(lower back)
i.e. quadratus lumborum |
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Femoris
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(femur or thigh)
i.e. quadriceps femoris |
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Fibularis
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(fibula)
i.e. fibularis longus |
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Brachii
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(arm)
i.e. biceps brachii |
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Carpi
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(wrist)
i.e. flexor carpi ulnaris |
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Digiti
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(finger or toes)
extensor digiti minimi |
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ACTION
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Adductor
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a muscle that draws a part INWARD the midline or axis of the body
adductor pollicis |
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Abductor
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a muscle that draws a body part AWAY from the midline or axis of the body
i.e. abductor digiti minimi |
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Flexor
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a muscle that when CONTRACTED BENDS a joint or limb in the body
i.e. flexor carpi radialis |
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Extensor
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a muscle that EXTENDS or STRAIGHTENS a limb or body part
i.e. extensor carpi radialis |
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Pronator
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a muscle that effects or assists in pronation
i.e. pronator teres |
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Supinator
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cylindrical-shaped muscle in the forearm that normally curves around the upper third of the radius
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Levator
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a muscle that serves to raise a body part
i.e. levator scapulae |
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Depressor
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a muscle that acts by drawing down a part of the body
i.e. depressor anguli oris |
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NUMBER OF HEADS
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Biceps
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(two heads)
i.e. biceps femoris |
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Triceps
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(three heads)
i.e. triceps brachii |
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Quadriceps
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(four heads)
i.e. quadriceps femoris |
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ORIENTATION
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Rectus
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(straight)
i.e. rectus abdominis |
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Transversus
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lying across the long axis of the body or of a part
transversus abdominis |
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Oblique
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(slanted)
i.e. external abdominal oblique |