Anatomy And Physiology Final Exam

Front 1

Gyri

Back 1

the rounded edges into which the surface of the cerebral hemisphere is divided by sulci

Front 2

the rounded edges into which the surface of the cerebral hemisphere is divided by sulci

Back 2

Gyri

Front 3

Sulci

Back 3

The folds in the cerebral cortex

Front 4

The folds in the cerebral cortex

Back 4

Sulci

Front 5

Brain stem

Back 5

The most primitive and inner part of the brain

Front 6

The most primitive and inner part of the brain

Back 6

Brain stem

Front 7

Cerebellum

Back 7

Leafy structure on the back of the brain

Front 8

Leafy structure on the back of the brain

Back 8

Cerebellum

Front 9

Cerebrum

Back 9

The noodely main part of the brain

Front 10

The noodely main part of the brain

Back 10

Cerebrum

Front 11

Lateral sulcus

Back 11

Fold between the temporal lobe and the frontal lobe

Front 12

Fold between the temporal lobe and the frontal lobe

Back 12

Lateral sulcus

Front 13

Central sulcus

Back 13

Fold between the frontal lobe and the parietal lobe

Front 14

Fold between the frontal lobe and the parietal lobe

Back 14

Central sulcus

Front 15

Longitudinal fissure

Back 15

Separation between the two cerebral hemispheres

Front 16

Separation between the two cerebral hemispheres

Back 16

Longitudinal fissure

Front 17

Insula

Back 17

Lobe under the frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes

Front 18

Lobe under the frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes

Back 18

Insula

Front 19

Medulla oblongata

Back 19

Part of spinal chord connected to brain

Front 20

Part of spinal chord connected to brain

Back 20

Medulla oblongata

Front 21

Pre central gyrus and post central gyrus

Back 21

The two gyrus on either side of the central sulci

Front 22

The two gyrus on either side of the central sulci

Back 22

Pre central gyrus and post central gyrus

Front 23

Corpus callosum

Back 23

Thick layer between the outter brain and inner brain

Front 24

Thick layer between the outter brain and inner brain

Back 24

Corpus callosum

Front 25

Optic chiasm

Back 25

the X-shaped structure on the bottom of the brain where the two optic nerves cross over each other. Above the pituitary gland in a cross section

Front 26

the X-shaped structure on the bottom of the brain where the two optic nerves cross over each other. Above the pituitary gland in a cross section

Back 26

Optic chiasm

Front 27

Pituitary gland

Back 27

Below the optic chiasm and the thalamus

Front 28

A gland below the optic chiasm and the thalamus

Back 28

Pituitary gland

Front 29

Midbrain

Back 29

Between the thalamus and the pons

Front 30

Between the thalamus and the pons

Back 30

Midbrain

Front 31

Pons

Back 31

Lump above the medulla oblongata

Front 32

Lump above the medulla oblongata

Back 32

Pons

Front 33

Pineal gland

Back 33

Between the two thalamus lobes and right above the cerebellum

Front 34

Gland between the two thalamus lobes and right above the cerebellum

Back 34

Pineal gland

Front 35

What is the frontal lobes function?

Back 35

Consciousness and short term memory

Front 36

What is the cerebral cortex responsible for?

Back 36

Visual/ auditory/ hunger/ respiration. More of the instinctual/ primal part of brain. Doesn't have to be told what to do all of the time

Front 37

3 parts of the mid brain

Back 37

Superior colliculus, inferior colliculus, cerebral peduncle

Front 38

Midbrain function

Back 38

Sends sensory signals to the mid brain

Front 39

What is the medulla oblongata and ponds responsible for

Back 39

Respiration and gag reflex

Front 40

What is the diencephalon consisted of?

Back 40

The thalamus, hypothalamus, pineal gland

Front 41

Pns

Back 41

Perifrial nervous system

Front 42

Cns

Back 42

Central nervous system

Front 43

Perifrial nervous system

Back 43

Nerve heads located anywhere other than the spinal chord and brain

Front 44

Central nervous system

Back 44

Heads located only in brain or spinal chord

Front 45

What does this part of the brain do

Back 45

Associates sound with doing something

Front 46

What does this part of the brain do?

Back 46

Associates smell with visual

Front 47

What does this part of the brain do?

Back 47

Hearing

Front 48

What does this part of the brain do?

Back 48

Seeing

Front 49

What does this part of the brain do?

Back 49

Doing something about what you see

Front 50

What does this part of the brain do?

Back 50

Body sensations

Front 51

What does this part of the brain do?

Back 51

Primary motor cortex. Most motor nerves are here

Front 52

What does this part of the brain do?

Back 52

Auditory/ speech/ reflexes

Front 53

What does this part of the brain do?

Back 53

Primary sensory and sensory assosiation area

Front 54

What does this part of the brain do?

Back 54

Motor assosiation area

Front 55

Multipolar neurons

Back 55

dendrons are extensive and axons are short and stubby

Front 56

Neurons that have dendrons are extensive and axons are short and stubby

Back 56

Multipolar neurons

Front 57

Bipolar neurons

Back 57

Dendrites are similar to axons

Front 58

Neurons that have dendrites are similar to axons

Back 58

Bipolar neurons

Front 59

Unipolar neurons

Back 59

Head is short and stubby comming off of axon

Front 60

Neuron with Head is short and stubby comming off of axon

Back 60

Unipolar neuron

Front 61

Astrocyte cell

Back 61

Gleal cell that maintains pH, glucose, and oxygen ballences

Front 62

Gleal cell that maintains pH, glucose, and oxygen ballences

Back 62

Astrocyte cell

Front 63

Ependymal cell

Back 63

Gleal cell that forms barrier to keep blood out and filters it to CSF

Front 64

CSF

Back 64

Cerebrospinal fluid

Front 65

Gleal cell that forms barrier to keep blood out and filters it to CSF

Back 65

Ependymal cell

Front 66

Schwann cell

Back 66

Gleal cell that wraps neurons in PNS

Front 67

Gleal cell that wraps neurons in PNS

Back 67

Schwann cell

Front 68

Microglia cell

Back 68

Gleal cell that digests/ cleans foreign particles (immune)

Front 69

Gleal cell that digests/ cleans foreign particles (immune)

Back 69

Microglia cell

Front 70

Oligodendrocyte cell

Back 70

Gleal cell that wraps neurons in CNS

Front 71

Gleal cell that wraps neurons in CNS

Back 71

Oligodendrocyte cell

Front 72

Resting membrane potential

Back 72

More k+ inside more na+ outside

Front 73

ECF

Back 73

Extracellular fluid

Front 74

ICF

Back 74

Intracellular fluid

Front 75

Node of ranvier

Back 75

The gaps between oglieodendrocyte/ Schwann cells

Front 76

The gaps between oglieodendrocyte/ Schwann cells

Back 76

Nodes of ranvier

Front 77

Soma

Back 77

Inner cell

Front 78

The inside of neuron cell heads

Back 78

Soma

Front 79

Resting membrane potential in millivolts

Back 79

-70

Front 80

The threshold for passing the electrical signal in neurons in millivolts

Back 80

-55

Front 81

Depolarization

Back 81

Neuron going from - to +35

Front 82

Repolarization

Back 82

Neuron going from +35 to -

Front 83

How many nerves come out of the cervicle vertebraes

Back 83

8

Front 84

How many nerves come out of the thoracic vertebraes

Back 84

12

Front 85

How many nerves come out of the lumbar vertebraes

Back 85

5

Front 86

How many nerves come out of the sacral vertebraes

Back 86

5

Front 87

How many nerves come out of the coxxcal vertebraes

Back 87

1

Front 88

What side of the spinal chord is anterior

Back 88

The side with a crease

Front 89

Integration

Back 89

Processing and interpreting input from neurons

Front 90

Somatic nervous system

Back 90

Voluntary nervous system

Front 91

Voluntary nervous system

Back 91

Somatic nervous system

Front 92

Autonomic nervous system

Back 92

Involuntary nervous system

Front 93

Involuntary nervous system

Back 93

Autonomic nvous system

Front 94

Satellite cells

Back 94

Gleal cells that protect and cushion neurons.

Front 95

Gleal cells that protect and cushion neurons.

Back 95

Satellite cells

Front 96

Ganglia

Back 96

Groups of neurons

Front 97

Groups of neurons

Back 97

Ganglia

Front 98

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?

Back 98

31

Front 99

The three layers of membranes on the brain

Back 99

Dura matter, arachnoid mater, and pia mater

Front 100

Radula

Back 100

Located in the mouth of mollis , used for feeding

Front 101

What are mollusks teeth called

Back 101

Radula

Front 102

What are the four clades of mollusks

Back 102

Chitons which have eight plates in a foot

gastropods which are land snails and slugs

Bivalves which are oysters and clam

Cephalopods which are octopuses squids and cuttlefish

Front 103

Ecological impacts of fungi

Back 103

Decomposers, mutualism with plants animals and algae

Front 104

Mycrorrhizae

Back 104

Mutualistic, fungus and plants, fungus gets carbs, plants get phosphates and nitrogen

Front 105

Heterokaryotic stage

Back 105

Unfused nuclei form different parents n + n

Front 106

Heterokaryotic stage

Back 106

Unfused nuclei form different parents n + n

Front 107

Rhizopus

Back 107

A genus of fungi that obtains nutrients from dead organic matter

Front 108

Glameromycota

Back 108

Symbiont found in the cells of the roots of angiosperm plants

Front 109

What type of fungus can be found in the cells of the roots of angiosperm plant

Back 109

Glameromycota

Front 110

Ascomycetes

Back 110

Sac fungi, produce sexual spores called asci, morals and truffles

Front 111

Asci

Back 111

Sexual spores of ascomycetes

Front 112

Basidiomycetes

Back 112

Elaborate fruiting body called the basidiocarp contains many basidia that produce sexual spores, Maiden Vale, puff balls, shelf fungi

Front 113

What is the elaborate fruiting body of a basidiomycete

Back 113

Basidiocarp

Front 114

What is a basidiocarp

Back 114

The elaborate food and body of a basidiomycete

Front 115

What is a basidiocarp

Back 115

The elaborate food and body of a basidiomycete

Front 116

What are the structures that produce spores in a basidiomycete called

Back 116

Basidia

Front 117

What are basidia

Back 117

The structures that produce sexual spores in a basidiomycete

Front 118

Mycelium life cycle both sexual and asexual

Back 118

asexual: Mycelium makes spore producing structures which makes spores which germinate which turn into mycelium

Sexual semicolon mycelium goes to plasmogamy which is the Fusion of cytoplasm which goes to hetero karyotic stage which makes a zygote which turns to karyogamy which turns to mycelium

Front 119

Karyogamy

Back 119

The fusion of the two nuclei the sexual fungal life cycle

Front 120

Karyogamy

Back 120

The fusion of the two nuclei the sexual fungal life cycle

Front 121

Plasmogamy

Back 121

The fusion of the cytoplasm when to haploid fungal cells are doing sexual reproduction