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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Four Basic types of tissues
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Epithelium
Connective Tissue Muscular Tissue Nervous Tissue |
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Tissues
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Group of similar cells with similar functions
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Types of Epithelium
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2 kinds:
Covering and lining Glandular |
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First way of classifying Epithelium
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Based on appearance, the number of cells in layer.
One layer of cells: simple Two or more layers of cells: Stratified |
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Second way of classifying Epithelium
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Based on Shape of cells;
Squamous - flat, much wider than tall Cuboidal - as wide as it is tall Columnar - Much taller than it is wide |
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Epithelium Classification
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When shape changes name changes as well according to top most layer shape
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Epithelium Locations
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Located between 2 different environments
example skin and air |
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Epithelium Functions
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depends on site of interfaces
-protection (skin) - secretion and absorption - along the path of digestion - Excretion - removes harmful substances - sensory reception - as close as possible to environment |
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Simple Squamous
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blood vessels body cavities
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Simple cuboidal
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tubules in kidneys
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Simple Columnar
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Digestive tract
simple ciliated columnar - on atypical surface if name says simple columnar it does not have cilia |
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pseudostratified columnar
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resp. tract
appears to be stratified but not its just at different heights. |
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Stratified Squamous
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more protection at areas of friction
example vagina. on the skin |
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Stratified cubodial
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not in humans
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stratified columnar
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Very rare
larger glands (ducts) |
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Transitional Epithelium
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Organs change size depending on time of day
in urinary bladder |
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Apical Specializations
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microvilli - cillia that don't move
used for absorption allows the cell to have more surface area without expanding, which increase rate of absorption |
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Apical Specialization
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Have cilia supported by tubules which are arranged in a 9 plus 2
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Junction Complexes
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prevents molecules from slipping between epitheal cells. Gives control of what passes through cell membranes and holds cells together like a weld
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Gap Junctions
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Portals between adjacent cells allows molecules to flow between epithelial cells, manly ion flow a way of ion flow.
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Basement membrane
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all Epithelial cells lie on basement membrane, material needs to be absorbed through basement membrane.
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Glandular Epithelium
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Manufacture and secrete products
gland is a bunch of epithial cells either exocrine or endocrine |
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Exocrine Gland
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Secrete their product onto an internal or external body surface or hollow organelle
Unicellular exocrine gland are goblet cell which line the digestive tract. |
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Exocrine Gland (cont.)
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- Located near destination of product near the body.
- Uses duct’s to get product up to surface or lumen. Ducts are made up of epithelium non secretory. - If ducts are not branched known as simple multicellular exocrine glands - If ducts are branched known as compound multicellular exocrine glands |
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Endocrine Gland
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Uses circulatory system for delivery
. Has important roles in regulating major functions and physiology throughout the body: hormones. |