A And P Chap. 1

Front 1

Adipose

Back 1

Fat tissue

Front 2

Anatomy

Back 2

Form and structure of the body and it's parts. The where and what they look like.

Front 3

Anterior

Back 3

Front (human)

Front 4

Barrel

Back 4

Chest, ribcage and abdomen of an animal

Front 5

Bilateral symmetry

Back 5

The the almost identical mirroring of pairs of body parts on each side of the median plane.

Front 6

Brisket

Back 6

Cranial end of the sternum.

Front 7

Cannon

Back 7

Large metacarpal or metacarsal bone of hoofed animals. Between the carpus or tarsus and the fetlock.

Front 8

Cardiac muscle

Back 8

Heart muscle. An automatic muscle.

Front 9

Carpus

Back 9

Front knee on hoofed animals

Front 10

Caudal

Back 10

Direction towards the tail end of the animal

Front 11

Connective tissue

Back 11

Gives the body support and holds it together. Types are adipose, bone and cartilage

Front 12

Cranial

Back 12

Direction towards the head

Front 13

Cranium

Back 13

Head

Front 14

Deep

Back 14

Towards the interior of the body or it's parts. Eg. Giving an injection, the needle tip is deep.

Front 15

Digestive system

Back 15

A system of organs that obtain/move, digest and absorb nutrients for the body

Front 16

Distal

Back 16

Away from the body when talking about extremities

Front 17

Dorsal

Back 17

Back side of an animal or side of the paw that is opposite of the plantar or palmar.

Front 18

Dorsal body cavity

Back 18

Contains the central nervous system. The two parts are the cranial cavity and the spinal cavity.

Front 19

Dorsal plane

Back 19

Splits the body into two parts towards the dorsal or ventral - not always equal parts. This plane is at a right angle to the sagittal and transverse planes

Front 20

Epithelial tissue

Back 20

Made entirely of cells. Functions consist of covering the body surfaces, absorb or secrete materials.

Front 21

Equilibrium

Back 21

Balance. In the body, it means temp or acidity etc are within a certain range

Front 22

Fetlock

Back 22

Joint between the cannon and pastern on hoofed animals.

Front 23

Fight or flight system

Back 23

Sympathetic system.

Front 24

Flank

Back 24

Lateral surface between the last rib and the hind legs. On right and left of the animal

Front 25

Gastrointestinal (GI) Tract

Back 25

The passageway of the digestive system from the mouth to the anus

Front 26

Gross anatomy

Back 26

Macroscopic anatomy. Parts of the body big enough to see with the naked eye.

Front 27

Health

Back 27

When the bodies anatomy and physiology are balanced or in a normal state.

Front 28

Hock

Back 28

Tarsus

Front 29

Homeostasis

Back 29

The systems and processes that monitor and adjust all aspects of the body to attempt to keep it in equilibrium.

Front 30

Inferior

Back 30

Lower part of the body (human)

Front 31

Inflammation

Back 31

Swelling it thickening

Front 32

Internal

Back 32

Inside

Front 33

External

Back 33

Outside

Front 34

Knee carpus of hoofed animals

Back 34

The next joint found distally on after the elbow.

Front 35

Lateral

Back 35

Towards the outside

Front 36

Macroscopic anatomy

Back 36

Gross anatomy. Parts of the body you can see with your eyes unassisted.

Front 37

Medial

Back 37

Towards the median plane

Front 38

Median plane

Back 38

Divides the body equally into left and right parts.

Front 39

Microscopic anatomy

Back 39

Deals with the smaller parts of the body that we need microscopes to see.

Front 40

Muscle tissue

Back 40

Creates movement in the body. Three types are skeletal, smooth and cardiac.

Front 41

Organ

Back 41

Made of different tissues to perform specific functions within the systems of the body.

Front 42

Palmar

Back 42

Back surface of the front leg distally from the carpus.

Front 43

Parietal layer

Back 43

Membrane that lines the entire thoracic cavity.

Front 44

Pastern

Back 44

proximal phalanx of hoofed animals

Front 45

Physiology

Back 45

How the body and and it's parts work. Their functions.

Front 46

Plane of reference

Back 46

Imaginary slices of animals, used to assist us in locating different points.There are 4. Sagittal, dorsal, transverse and median.

Front 47

Plantar

Back 47

Caudal side of the hind leg distally from the tarsus.

Front 48

Pleura

Back 48

The thin membrane that covers the whole thoracic cavity and each of its organs.

Front 49

Poll

Back 49

Area between the proximal end of the ears.

Front 50

Posterior

Back 50

Back end (humans)

Front 51

Proximal

Back 51

Close to the body. Deals with extremities.

Front 52

Regional anatomy

Back 52

Area/region of a body and it's parts.

Front 53

Rostral

Back 53

Towards the nose

Front 54

Sagittal plane

Back 54

Cuts the body in half lengthwise. Not necessarily equal parts.

Front 55

Skeletal muscle

Back 55

Muscles that move our bones and joints.

Front 56

Smooth muscle

Back 56

Involuntary muscle found in the digestive system.

Front 57

Spinal canal

Back 57

Or spinal cavity is found in the dorsal cavity of an animal. It holds and protects the spinal cord.

Front 58

Stifle

Back 58

Femorotibial/femoropatellar joint (similar to human knee)

Front 59

Superficial

Back 59

Close to or at the surface of the body. During an injection the hub would be near the surface and the tip would be deep

Front 60

Superior

Back 60

Towards the head (humans)

Front 61

System

Back 61

Groups of organs that work together in a common set of activities.

Front 62

Systematic anatomy

Back 62

Deals with the form and structure of the bodies systems. Think nervous and digestive.

Front 63

Tailhead

Back 63

Dorsal part of the base of the tail

Front 64

Tarsus

Back 64

Joint on the hind legs of an animal also called a hock on hoofed animals.

Front 65

Thorax

Back 65

Area of the body from the neck to the diaphragm

Front 66

Tissue

Back 66

Specialized cells grouping together.

Front 67

Transverse plane

Back 67

A plane that crosses the body forming cranial and caudal sections. Not necessarily equal.

Front 68

Ventral

Back 68

Towards the belly/chest.

Front 69

Ventral body cavity

Back 69

Contains most of the soft organs. It's divided by the diaphragm into the thoracic and abdominal cavities.

Front 70

Viscera

Back 70

Soft organs in the ventral body cavity.

Front 71

Visceral layer

Back 71

The membrane (pleura) that covers the soft organs in the ventral cavity.

Front 72

Withers

Back 72

Area dorsal to the scapulas

Front 73

Xiphoid process

Back 73

Smallest part of the sternum.

Front 74

Left

Back 74

The animals left

Front 75

Right

Back 75

The animals right

Front 76

Muzzle

Back 76

Rostral part of the face. Mainly contains the maxillary and nasal bones.

Front 77

Dorsal recumbency

Back 77

Animal is laying on it's back or dorsal side down

Front 78

Lateral recumbency

Back 78

Animal is laying on it's side. Left lateral would indicate that it is left side down.

Front 79

Oblique recumbency

Back 79

Animal is positioned between dorsal and lateral or sternal and lateral.

Front 80

Sternal recumbency

Back 80

Chest side down

Front 81

Apical

Back 81

For individual tooth toward the root end

Front 82

Buccal

Back 82

Cheek side of upper or lower tooth

Front 83

Canine tooth

Back 83

Lateral to incisors

Front 84

Coronal

Back 84

Towards the crown end of a tooth

Front 85

Crown

Back 85

Part of the tooth exposed above the gum line (normally). It grasps, tears and grinds.

Front 86

Dental arch

Back 86

U shaped arrangement of teeth in the upper or lower jaw... Maxilla or mandible.

Front 87

Furcation

Back 87

Base of a root trunk on a tooth where two or more roots meet.

Front 88

Incisal edge

Back 88

The cutting edge of sharp teeth. Think canine and premolar.

Front 89

Incisor tooth

Back 89

Most rostral on the arch

Front 90

Interproximal space

Back 90

The space between two adjacent teeth

Front 91

Interproximal surface

Back 91

The surface of a tooth that face towards an adjacent tooth

Front 92

Labial

Back 92

Side of the tooth that faces the lips. Incisors.. can be upper or lower.

Front 93

Mesial

Back 93

For canine, premolar and molar. The surface that faces towards the rostral and for the incisors, the surface that faces towards the midline.

Front 94

Molar tooth

Back 94

Caudal cheek teeth

Front 95

Occlusal surface

Back 95

Flat grinding surface of molar teeth

Front 96

Palatal

Back 96

The surface of the upper (maxilla) teeth that faces inwards towards the palate.

Front 97

Premolar tooth

Back 97

Rostral cheek teeth

Front 98

Quadrant (dental)

Back 98

The left or right half of the dental arch... maxilla or mandable

Front 99

Root

Back 99

Part of the tooth anchored to the jaw. Normally below the gum line.

Front 100

Disease

Back 100

When the balance of elements in the body are out of balance