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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Nervous System
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-The system of cells, tissues & organs that regulates the body's response to internal & external stimuli
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Divisions of NS Structurally: CNS & PNS
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CNS-brain & spinal cord
PNS-nerve fibers & cell bodies outside CNS |
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Divisions of NS Functionally: Somatic
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Somatic-voluntary, supply skin, skeletal muscle & joints (IN OUR CONTROL)
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Divisions of NS Functionally: Autonomic
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Autonomic (visceral)- involuntary,
supplies smooth muscle of blood vessels, viscera & glands (NOT IN OUR CONTROL) |
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Nervous Tissue: 2 main cell types
Neurons- |
Neurons (nerve cells)
- excitable cell -nissl's granules are present (nissls g-rough ER) |
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Nervous Tissue: 2 main cell types
Neuroglia- |
Neuroglia (supporting cells)
-non excitable -most imp. bc spinal cord & brain cancer -tumors originate here -most commonly in astrocytes |
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What is the difference between Oligodendrocyte & Schwann cells?
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-Both are examples of Neuroglia
Oligodendrocyte-Myelination of nerve fibers in CNS Schwann cells- Myelination of nerve fibers in PNS |
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Types of neurons: Unipolar (also called pseudounipolar)
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Unipolar: (sensory neurons, 1 process)
FOUND IN: Spinal ganglia e.g. dorsal root ganglia |
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Types of neurons: Bipolar
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Bipolar: (communicating neurons, 2 processes)
e.g. spinal ganglia-embryonic condition, olfactory epithelium, retina, inner ear |
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Ganglia
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Collection of nerve cell bodies outside CNS
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Nucleus
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Collection of nerve cell bodies within the CNS
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Tracts
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Collection of axons within the CNS connecting its nuclie
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Nerves
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Collection of axons outside the CNS
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Autonomic NS:
Where are sympathetic cell bodies present? |
Sympathetic=Thoracolumbar (T1-L2)
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Autonomic NS:
Where are parasympathetic cell bodies present? |
-Craniosacral 3, 7, 9, 10
-S2, 3, 4, segments of spinal cord which supply anus, rectum, genital UT |
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Where does craniosacral nerve 3 supply?
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(Parasympathetic fibers are called cilia ganglion)
-constrict muscle of eye (oculomotor) |
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Where does cranial nerve 7 supply?
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(2 ganglion)
-no tear secretion (facial) |
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Where does cranial nerve 9 supply?
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-taste, swallowing (glossopharyngeal)
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Where does cranial nerve 10 supply?
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-All viscera of neck, thorax, Gi tract, up
to right 2/3 of transverse column (accessory) -swallowing, moving head/neck |
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What does Parasympathetic NS consist of?
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-12 pairs of cranial nerves
-31 pairs of spinal nerves -Ganglia a)sympathetic b)parasympathetic c)dorsal root ganglia (spinal) |
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What does Parasympathetic Response include?
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"Rest & Digest"
Heart -decreased heart rate -cardiac output decreases Lungs -constriction Eye-Iris constricts |
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What does Sympathetic Response include?
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"Fight or Flight"
Heart- increased rate & strength of contraction - cardiac output increases Lungs-dilation Eye-Iris dilates |
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Sympathetic vs Parasympathetic
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Thoracic/lumbar vs Cranial/Sacral
Short pregang fib vs Long pregang fib Long postgang fib vs Short postgang fib |
