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74 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Excitability
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Produces an action potential that allows muscles to contract
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Contractility
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Ability to shorten
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Extensibility
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Ability to stretch without being damaged
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Elasticity
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Ability to return to normal state and original length after shortening & stretching
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Epimysium
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Dense irregular connective tissue that is the outer wrapping of fascia of muscle
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Endomysium
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Sheath of areolar connective tissue that's inside fasicles, separates each fiber from one another
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Perimysium
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Dense irregular connective tissue that routes around individual pockets inside muscle called fasicles
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Sarcolemma
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Plasma membrane of muscle cell
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Sarcoplasm
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The cytoplasm of muscle fiber
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Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
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A fluid-filled system of membranous sacs that encircles each myofibril
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Myofibril
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Contractile Organelles of skeletal muscle, proteins that make up muscle fibers
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Actin
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Thin Filaments main component, anchored to Z discs,contractile protein
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Myosin
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Contractile Protein that functions as a motor protein in all types of muscle tissue
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Elastin
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A protein that allows tissues to resume shape after stretching or contracting
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Troponin
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Reglatory protein that is part of thin filament, holds tropomyosin in place
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T-Tubule
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Transverse Tubule, inward extensions of sarcolemma, action potentials travel through them, and they have calcium stored
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Calmodulin
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Regulatory protein that binds to Calcium in cytosol and activates myosin light chain kinase
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Sarcomere
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Basic functional unit of myofibril. Is the distance between one Z disc to the next.
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I band
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Lighter band, thin filaments, go into next sarcomere, composed of actin, troponin, and tropomyosin
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A Band
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Dark band, thick filiaments, composed of myosin molecules
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Z Disc
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Separates one sacromere from the next
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Neuromuscular Junction
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Where a somatic motor neuron and skeletal muscle fiber meet
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Synaptic Knob
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Adjacent to the cleft, when nerve impulses reach knob a neurotransmitter is released from vesicle to synapse.
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Synaptic Cleft
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Separates 2 cells
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Myogram
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A graphic description of velocity and intensity of muscular contraction
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Muscle Twitch
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The simplest contraction, a single response to a single stimulus
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Incomplete Tetanus
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Caused when a contraction to be iniated when the muscle has only partly relaxed from previous contraction
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Tetanus
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Sustained contraction caused by continuous stimulus
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Treppe
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We use this to warm up muscles before exercising
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Muscle Tone
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Partial contraction of large muscles, particularly to provide posture
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Isotonic Contraction
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Tension remains the same but length shortens
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Isometric Contraction
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Length remains the same, but tension increases, no work is completed
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List 5 Functions of MUSCULAR TISSUE
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1. Movement
2. Posture 3. Body Heat 4. Storing and moving substances within the body |
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Types of Fasicles
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Parallel
Pennate Bipennate Unipennate Multipennate Covergent Circular |
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Parallel
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Muscle is usually linear in shape. Ex: Sternocleidomastoid
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Pennate
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Fair-like in arrangement, a central tendon in muscle with fasicles extending out like a feather.
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Uni Pennate
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Arranged on 1 side. EX: Extensor Digitorum Longus
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Multipennate
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Attach obliquely from many directions. Ex: Deltoid
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Convergent
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Triangular in shape, fasicles come to a shape. Ex: Pectoralis Major
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Flexor
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Muscles that bend or flex a joint
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Extensor
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Muscles that extend or straighten a joint
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Abductor
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Muscles that move a body part away from the midline
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Adductor
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Muscles that move a body part towards the midline
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Rotator
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Works a pivot joint, rotates a bone around its longitudinal axis
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Supinator
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Turns palms anteriorly
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Pronator
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Turns palms posteriorly
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Bicep-
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2 Heads
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Brachion-
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Arm
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Bucc-
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Trumpet
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Cleido-
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Clavicle
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Crani-
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Skull
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Fascia-
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Bandage
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Fibril-
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Fiber
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Iso-
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Equal
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Mere-
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Part, segment
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Oculus-
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Eye
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Or-
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Takes part in
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Platy-
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Flat
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Rectus-
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Straight
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Sartor-
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Tailor
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Sarx-
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Flesh
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Serratus-
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Jagged
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Tonic-
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Tension
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Which muscle origin is on the scapula and proximal end of humerus dorsally, insertion point olecranon process and the action is extends arm at the elbow?
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Triceps Brachii
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Which muscle origin is frontal and maxilla, insertion is tissue of eyelids, and action is squinting?
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Orbicularis Oculi
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What muscle origin is the fascia over deltoid and pectoralis major, it's insertion is mandible, and action is pull mandible down and back?
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Platysma
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Which muscle origin is clavicle and scapula, insertion is deltoid tuberosity, and action is abduct humerus?
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Deltoid
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Which muscle orgin is clavicle, sternum, and upper 6 ribs, insertion is greater tubercle, and action is adducts humerus?
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Pectoralis Major
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Which muscle origin is ribs 1-3, insertion is ventral side of scapula, and action is pulls down the scapula?
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Serratus Anterior
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Which muscle origin is c7 through T6, insertion is occipital, and action is extends head?
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Splenius
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Which muscle origin is zygomatic, insertion is mandible, and action is raises mandible?
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Masseter
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Which muscle origin is proximal end of tibia, insertion is calcaneus, and the action is flex the foot?
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Soleus
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Which muscle has an origin of lower 8 ribs, the insertion is iliac crest, and the action is twisting side to side?
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External Oblique
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Which muscle that forms the abdominal wall is the deepest?
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Transverse abdominis?
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