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68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The Acromioclavicular joint is what type of synovial joint?
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Synovial Plane Joint
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the AC joint is reinforced by what ligament
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Coracoclavicular Ligament
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The Coracoclavicular ligament consist of?
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the conoid ligamanet & trapezoid ligament
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Dislocation of the AC joint is most commonly a result of what?
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A fall on the shoulder with the impact taken by the acromion or from a fall on the outstretched arm
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Dislocation of the AC joint is also called
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Shoulder Seperation
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AC joint dislocation/Shoulder seperation happen when?
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the shoulder is seperated from the clavicle when the joint dislocates with rupture of the coracoclavicular ligaments
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The Sternoclavicular joint is what type of synovial joint?
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Synovial Plane(Gliding) Joint united by the fibrous capsule
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The Sternoclavicular joint is reinforced by what ligaments?
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Anterior and Posterior Sternoclavicular, interclavicular, and costoclavicular ligaments
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The sternoclavicular joint allows what type of movement?
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Depression, Protraction, Retraction,and Circumduction of the shoulder
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The Glenohumeral joint is what type of synovial joint
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Synovial ball-and socket joint
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the Glenohumeral joint articulates what two structures?
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The glenoid cavity and the head of the humerus
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The Glenoid cavity and the head of the Humerus are both covered with?
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Hyaline cartilage
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The Glenohumeral Joint is sourrounded by a fibrous capsule attached to what?
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Fibrous capsule attached superiorly to the margin of the glenoid cavity and inferiorly to the anatomic neck of the humerus.
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The Glenohumeral capsule is reinforced by what three structures?
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rotator cuff, glenohumeral ligaments, and coracohumeral ligaments
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The Glenohumeral joint has a cavity that is deepened by what
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Fibrocartilagenous glenoid labrum
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The Fibrocatilagenous Labrum communicates with what structure allowing what movement
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Supscapular bursa, allowing abd, add,flx,ext,circumduction, and rotation
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The glenohumeral joint is innervated by what nerves
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Axillary, Suprascapular, and Lateral Pectoral nerves
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The Glenohumeral joint recieves blood from what branches?
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suprascapular, anterior and posterior humeral circumfelx and scapular circumflex arteries
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The glenohumeral joint may be subject to what kind of dislocation?
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Anterior and inferior dislocation
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Dislocation of the glenhumeral joint may result in damage to what nerve
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Axillary and Posterior humeral Circumflex nerves *(this is not uncommon because the inferior aspect of the shoulder joint is not supported by muscle tendons of the rotator cuff
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Referred pain to the shoulder most probably indicates in volvement of what nerve
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The Phrenic nerve(or Diaphram C3-C4) and Subscapular(C3-C4)- which supplies sensory nerves to the shoulder
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the Rotator cuff is formed by what tendons?
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Subscapularis, Supraspinatus,Infraspinatus, and Teres minor muscles- these fuse with joint capsule and provide mobility
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The Rotator cuff does what?
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keeps the head of the humerus in the glenoid fossa during movement and thus stabalizes the shoulder joint
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Rupture of the rotator cuff may occur when?
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there is chronic wear and tear and/or and acute fall on the outstretched arm
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Rupture of the rotator cuff is manefestited how
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by servere limitation of the shoulder joint motion, chiefly abduction
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Rupture of the rotator cuff usually causes what
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a rupture of the rotator cuff, particularly attrition of the supraspinatus tendon by friction among middle-aged persons, ultimately cause degenerative tendinitis
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Ruture of the Rotator cuff and attrition of the supruspinatus and eventually lead to?
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An open communtion between the shoulder joint cavity and the subacromial bursa(subcromial bursistis) resulting in painful abduction of shoulder or arm
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List the ligaments of the shoulder joint
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Glenohumeral
Transverse Coracohumeral coracoacromial |
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The tranverse ligament does what?
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Extends between the greater and lesser tubercles and holds the tendon of the long head of the biceps in the intertubercular groove
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Coracohumeral ligament extends between?
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Extends betweed the coracoid process to the greater tubercular groove
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The Coracoacromial ligament extends from?
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Extends from the coracoid process to the acromian
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What bursas surround the shoulder
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Subacromial Bursa
Subdeltoid Bursa Subscapular Bursa |
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The elbow joint forms what kind of sinovial joint, consisting of
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Sinovial Hindge joint consisting of Humeroradialis and Humeroulnar joints
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The elbow joint allows what movement
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Flexion and Extension
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The elbow joint also includes what joint?
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Proximal radioulnar(pivot) joint within a common articular capsule
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The elbow joint is innervated by what nerves?
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Median
Radius Ulnar Musculocutaneous |
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The elbow recieves blood from
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anastomies formed by branches of the brachial artery and recurrent branches of the radial and ulnar arteries
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The Elbow joint is reinforced by what ligaments
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Annular Ligament
Radial collateral Ligament Ulnar collateral Ligament |
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The Ulnar collateral Ligament is composed of
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Ant,Post., and Oblique bands. Extends from the Medial epicondyle to the coranoid process and the olecranon of the Ulna
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The Radial Collateral Ligament extends from
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Extends from the later epicondyle to the anterior and posterior margins of the radial notch of the ulna and the annular ligament of the radius
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The Annular Ligament forms
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Nearly 4/5 of a circle around the head of the radius, theradial notch forms the remainder
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The annular Ligament fuses with?
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Fuses with the Radial collateral ligament and articular capsule, preventing withdraw of the head of the radial from its socket
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The Proximal Radioulnar joint forms what type of synovial joint
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Synovial pivot joint
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The Proximal Radioulnar joint allows articulation between
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Head of the radius and the radial notch of the ulna allowing pronation and supination
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Distal Radiolunar joint is what type of synovial joint between what structures
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Synovial pivot joint between the head of the ulna and the ulnar notch of the radius allowing pronation and supination
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The Wrist(Radiocarpal) joint is what type of Synovial joint
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Synovial condylar joint
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The Wrist joint(Radiocarpal) is formed by
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The radius and the articular disk and inferiorly the proximal row of carpal bones(Scaphoid, Lunate,Triquetrum)
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The Radiocarpal joint is strngthened by what two ligaments
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Ulnar Collateral and radial Collateral ligaments
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The radiocarpal joint allows what movements?
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Flexion
Extension Adduction Abduction Circumduction |
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Midcarpal Joint is what type of Synovial Joint located where
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Synovial Plane joint located between the proximal and distal rows of carpal bones and allows glinding and sliding movements.
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The midcarpal joint articutes laterally with
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The Scaphoid articulates with the trapezium and trapezoid laterally
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The Midcarpal joint articulates medially with
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The scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum articulate with the hamate forming a condylar(ellipsodial type) joint
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Carpometacarpal joint is what type of synovial joint located
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A synovial saddle joint between the trapezium and the first metacarpal bone also form a plane synovial joint betewwn carpal bones and and medial four metacarpal bones
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Interphalangeal joints are what type of joint
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Hindge joints supported by a palmer ligament and two collateral ligaments and allow felxion and extension
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The rarity of dislocatin the sternoclavicular joint is due to what
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Attest to its strength, which depends on its ligaments, its disc, and the way the force is transmitted alone the clavicle
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When Ankylosis of the SC joint occurs
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The SC joint is critical for shoulder movement so surgery may be performed removing the center of the clavicle creating a "psuedo joint" of "Flail" to permit movement
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Dislocation of the AC is common in who
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Hockey players, football, and soccer players. usually result from hard fall on out stretched limb or shoulder or severve blows to back
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Calcific Supraspinatus is
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the inflammation and calcification of the subacromial bursa resulting in pain, tenderness, and limitation of movement of the glenohumeral joint. Calcium deposits may irritate overlying subacromial bursa causing acromial bursitis.
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Glenoid Labrum tears are common in who
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athletes who throw baseball of football and those who have should instability and subluxations
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Adhesive Capulitis of the Glenohumeral joint is
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Adhesive fibrosis and scarring between the inflammed joint capsule of the glenohumeral joint, rotator cuff, subacromial bursa, and deltoid usaully cause Adhesive Capsulitis"Frozen Shoulder"
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Bursitis of elbow(Subcutaneous olecranon bursitis) is caused typically by
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Falls, the subcutaneous olecranin bursa is exposed to injury during falls on the elbow and to infection from skin covering the elbow. Repeated excessive friction can cause the bursa to become inflammed as occurs in wrestling.
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Subtendoneous differs in subcutaneous bursistus by involving
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excessive friction between the triceps tendon and olecranon, typically occuring in assembly-line jobs
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Bicipitalradial bursistis(Biceps Bursitis) Results is
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Results is pain when forearm is pronated because action compresses the bicipitoradial bursa againt the anterior half of the tuberosity of the radius
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Dislocation of the elbow joint usually occurs from
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when children fall on there hands with their elbows flexed. The ulnar collateral ligament is often torn and injury to ulnar nerve usaully observed resulting in numbness to the little finger and weakness of flexion and adduction of the wrist.
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Subluxation of the radial head usually occurs in who?, resulting in?
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Usually occur in pre-school children, particullarly girls, when child is suddenly lifted or jerked by the upper limb tearing the distal attachment of the anular ligament. source of pain would be the pinched anular ligament
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Fracture @ what point of the radius is most common
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Fracture at the distal end of the radius in people 50+.
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What bone in the hand is most commonly fractures
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Scaphoind bone,resulting usaully from a fall to the palm of the hand. Avascular necrosis of the proximal fragment of the scaphoid may occur
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A complete transverse fracture of the distal end of the radius is called
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Colle's Fracture, and is the most common fracture in the forearm. the distal fragment is displaced dorsally resembling a dinner fork, Ulnar process typically avulsed
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