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63 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
median plane |
divides the body into equal left and right halves |
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sagittal plane |
divides the body into left and right parts that are not necessarily equal |
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transverse plane |
dividues the body into cranial and caudal parts |
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dorsal plane |
dividues the body into dorsal and ventral parts |
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left |
the animal's left |
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right |
the animal's right |
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cranial |
-towards the head -also toward the "front surface of a limb proximal to the carpus or tarsus |
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caudual |
-towards the tail -also the "back" surface of a limb proximal to the carpus or tarsus |
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rostral |
toward the tip of the nose (used only on the head) |
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dorsal |
-toward the top (backbone) surface of the body -also the top/front surface of a limb distal to the carpus or tarsus |
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ventral |
toward the bottom (belly) surface of the body |
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medial |
toward the median plane |
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lateral |
away from the median plane |
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deep |
toward the center of the body or a body part |
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superficial |
toward the surface of the body or a body part |
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proximal |
toward the body (used for appendages) |
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distal |
away from the body (used for appendages) |
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palmar |
ground/back surface of front limb distal to the carpus |
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plantar |
ground/back surface of hind limb distal to the tarsus |
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dorsal recumbency |
the position an animal is lying in when lying on its back with its belly facing upward |
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sternal recumbency |
the position an animal is lying in when lying on its sternum with its back facing upward |
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lateral recumbency |
the position an animal is lying in when an animal is lying on its side |
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oblique recumbency |
the position an animal is lying in when an animal is tilted between dorsal or sternal recumbency and lateral recumbency; referred to by a combination of the other position terms |
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left lateral recumbency |
the animal is lying on its side with its left side down |
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right lateral recumbency |
the animal is lying on its side with the right side down |
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barrel |
trunk of the body, formed by the rib cage and the abdomen |
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flank |
lateral surface of the abdomen between the last rib and the hind legs |
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brisket |
area at the base of the neck between the front legs that covers the cranial end of the sternum |
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poll |
top of the head between the bases of the ears |
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muzzle |
rostral part of the face formed mainly by the maxillary and nasal bones |
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withers |
area dorsal to the scapulas |
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tailhead |
dorsal part of the base of the tail |
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hock |
tarsus |
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stifle |
femorotibial/femoropatellar joint - equivalent to human knee |
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fetlock |
joint between cannon bone (large metacarpal/metatarsal) and the proximal phalanx of hoofed animals |
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knee |
carpus of hoofed animals |
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cannon |
large metacarpal or metatarsal bone of hoofed animals |
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pastern |
area of the proximal phalanx of hoofed animals |
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dental arch |
the complete arched arrangement of upper or lower teeth |
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dental arch is aka |
dental arcade |
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dental quadrant |
the left or right half of each dental arch |
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incisor teeth |
the most rostral group of teeth |
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canine teeth |
the teeth located just lateral to the incisor teeth |
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premolar teeth |
the rostral cheek teeth |
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molar teeth |
the caudal cheek teeth |
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crown |
the exposed part of a tooth above the gum line |
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root |
the hidden part of a tooth below the gum line |
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coronal |
toward the crown of a tooth |
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apical |
toward the tip of the root of a tooth |
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gingival |
toward the gingiva (gum) |
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furcation |
the area where the roots of a multirooted tooth join the crown |
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Mesial (for canine, premolar, & molar teeth) |
the surface or edge of the canine, premolar or molar teeth facing toward the rostral edge of the mouth |
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Mesial (for incisor teeth) |
the surface or edge of the incisor teeth facing towards the center (midline) |
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Distal (for canine, premolar, & molar teeth) |
the surface or edge of the canine, premolar or molar teeth facing toward the caudal end of the mouth |
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Distal (for incisor teeth) |
the surface or edge of the incisor teeth farthest from the center (midline) |
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buccal |
surface of a tooth facing the cheeks |
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palatal |
surface of an upper tooth facing the hard palate |
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labial |
surface of a tooth facing the lips |
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lingual |
surface of a lower tooth facing the tongue |
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incisal edge |
the cutting edge of a sharp tooth's crown |
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occlusal surface |
the flat grinding surface of molar teeth |
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interproximal space |
space between adjascent teeth |
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interproximal surface |
surface of a tooth that faces an adjacent tooth |