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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Coloboma of eyelid
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notch in eyelid
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Cyclopia
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single median eye or 2 fused at midline
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Hypertelorism
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greater than normal distance between orbits
often accompanied by serious defects in development of forebrain |
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Hypotelorism
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less than normal distance between orbits
midbrain often affected |
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Anophthalmia
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absence of ocular tissue derived from optic cup
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Microphthalmia
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globe and lens small and undeveloped
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Buphthalmos = congenital glaucoma
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marked distention of eye caused by increase of IOP
cause is often defect in angle structures or persistence of Barkan's membrane even with aggressive long term medical and surgical management by a glaucoma specialist the visual outcome is often very poor endothelial compromise leads to corneal edema and scarring nerve fiber loss resulting in field loss |
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Ocular albinism
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lack of pigmentation
normal development of sensory retina is influenced by melanin-related agent in RPE absence of pigment causes retinal abnormalities are present underdeveloped central retina, fewer rods |
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Megalocornea
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cornea and anterior segment enlarged
may be associated with increased IOP |
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Microcornea
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normal size globe, small cornea
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Mittendorf's dot
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small area of tissue on the posterior lens
no visual implications |
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Congenital cataract
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associated with genetic, metabolic, or infectious agents
viral infection of the mother during the first trimester effect on VA depends on extent visually debilitating cataracts |
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Bergmeister's papilla
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a remnant of the glial tissue of the hyaloids system
glial tissue projects from optic nerve head no visual implications |
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Optic nerve hypoplasia
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optic nerve fails to develop completely---fewer than normal number of axons
failure of ganglions to differentiation failure of their axons to reach the optic stalk often associated with CNS developmental problems or endocrine disorders, cognitive difficulties and multiple handicaps are common |
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Persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous
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failure of the hyaloid arterial system to regress
appears as a white retrolental mass associated with angle closure glaucoma and cataract formation |
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Persistent pupillary membrane
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remnant strands form the pupillary membrane
usually attached to collarette no visual implications |
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Coloboma
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forms a keyhole-shaped pupil
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Aniridia
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failure of iris to form
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Myelinated or medullated nerve fibers
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myelinization of the nerve fiber layer
usually occupies a small area at the disc |
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Coloboma of internal structures
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Inferior defect of those ocular structures formed from the optic cup
ranges from insignificant chorioretinal defect to complete involvement of inferior retina and choroid may also involve iris and ciliary body |
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Retinoblastoma
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Most common malignant tumor in childhood
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Sturge-Weber syndrome
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nevus of skin of face (often called port-wine stain)
ocular manifestations include hemangiomas of choroidal BV’s may have diffuse leakage leading to retinal detachment |