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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define analytical chemistry |
Study of the separation identification quantification of chemical components in natural or synthetic mixtures |
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Flow chart of typical quantification analysis |
Pic |
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What does the analytical method consist of? |
Sample method and information obtained |
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Define sample matrix |
Group of substances that make the sample other than the analyte |
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What is being measured |
Analyte |
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Three levels of abundance |
Major is greater than 1% Minor 0.01 -1% Trace less than 0.01% |
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Classical methods of analysis |
Acid digestion, liquid phase extraction, filtration, precipitation |
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What is the method based on |
Scope of analysis |
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What are the different scopes of analysis |
Targeted =single molecule Pathway= class of molecules Profiling = global analysis |
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What causes false positives |
Lack of selectivity |
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What causes false negatives |
Lack of sensitivity |
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Analytical process |
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Difference between accuracy and precision |
Accuracy is closeness to true value Precision is reproducibility |
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Types of error |
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If n is large and only random error _____________ is produced |
Gaussian or normal distribution |
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What is standard deviation |
Spread in measurements |
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Large standard deviation = ? |
Poor precision |
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Hypothesis in heparin case |
Unidentified contaminants in heparin batches causing adverse effects |
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What happened with initial approach |
Heparin used to cleave heparin failed indicating contaminants |
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Analyte an matrix in heparin case |
Analyte is heparin solution plus contaminants Matrix is contaminants derived from isolation from heparin in tissue |
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What instrumental analysis was used |
Nmr n cell electrophoresis |
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What was the contaminant identified in heparin case |
Over sulfate chondroitin sulfate an dermatan sulfate |
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Theory of where the contaminants came from |
Introduced to augment heparin potency |
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New method for heparin contaminant detection |
Gold nanoparticle relies of fluorescence quenching Exploits resonance energy between dye and gold particle |
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Why didn't heparinase work |
Oscs inhibits it |
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Case 2 how to tell counterfeit whisky from real |
Exploit congeners using go Analyze peak pairs of congeners Use internal standard to protect against variability Use ratio metric measurements |
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Analyte in pdac case study |
Auto antibodies against two phophorylated isoforms of Enolase over expressed in pdac |
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Why use serum in pdac case |
It prevents interferences |
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How was biochip designed for pdac and what method was used |
Select peptide from enzyme and bound to surface Electrochemical impedence spectroscopy |
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What is quality assurance |
Insure answer is right from process |
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Critical step if quality assurance |
The purpose that the results will be used for |
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Summary of melamine case study |
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Parameters for method validation |
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When do methods require validation |
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Difference between specificity selectivity Difference between specific test and selective test |
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What is the difference between intra day inter day and inter lab testing |
Intra day is repeatability Inter day is intermediate precision Inter lab precision between different labs |
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How to test for accuracy |
Test known analyte concentration |
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What is linearity |
Test results directly proportional to analyte concentration |
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What is noise and name the types |
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What is lod n loq |
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Difference between robustness and ruggedness |
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