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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What bones form the shoulder girdle?
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Clavicle and scapula
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What is the difference between phasic and postural muscles?
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Phasic = short lived activities, fast twitch muscle fibers
Postural = prolonged activities, slow twitch muscle fibers |
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What is the difference between slow twitch and fast twitch fibers?
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Slow twitch = red, rich blood supply, contract slowly, fatique resistant, not much power, relies on aerobic pathways
Fast twitch = white, poor blood supply, contract rapidly, fatigue easily, rely on anaerobic pathways |
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What is the only energy source used for contractile activities?
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ATP
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What is the formula for converting creatine phosphate into energy?
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CP + ADP --> C + ATP
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What is the formula for aerobic respiration?
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O2 + glucose --> CO2 + H2O +36 ATP
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What is the difference between isotonic and isometric?
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Isotonic = tension remains constant, muscle shortens
Isometric = tension without movement |
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How much stored ATP do you have?
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4-6 seconds worth.
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Which process is faster anaerobic or aerobic?
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anaerobic
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What is the difference between concentric & eccentric?
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concentric = muscle shortens, must overcome resistance
eccentric = muscle lengthens, yields to resistance |
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What are the nerves that supply the muscles of the shoulder girdle?
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Cranial nerve XI, dorsal scapular nerve, medial pectoral nerve, long thoracic nerve.
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What type of muscle fiber arrangement makes the strongest muscle?
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multipennate
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Origin of trapezius
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external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, c7-t12 spinous processes
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Origin of levator scapulae
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C1-C4 transverse processes
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Origin of rhomboids
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C7-T5 spinous processes
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Origin of pectoralis minor
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Ribs 3, 4, 5 costal cartilages
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Origin of serratus anterior
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Outer 8 ribs
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Insertion of trapezius
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Upper: lateral third of clavicle and acromion
Middle: spine of scapula Lower: root of spine of scapula |
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Insertion of levator scapulae
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Superior angle of scapula
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Insertion of rhomboids
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Vertebral border
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Insertion of pectoralis minor
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Coracoid process
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Insertion of serratus anterior
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Vertebral border/anterior surface
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Action of trapezius
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Upper: elevation, upward rotation
Middle: retraction Lower: depression, upward rotation |
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Action of levator scapulae
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elevation, downward rotation
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Action of rhomboids
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retraction, downward rotation
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Action of pectoralis minor
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depression, protraction, downward rotation
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Action of serratus anterior
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protraction, upward rotation
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Nerve of trapezius
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Cranial nerve XI (accessory nerve)
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Nerve of trapezius
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Cranial nerve XI (accessory nerve)
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Nerve of levator scapulae
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Dorsal scapular
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Nerve of rhomboids
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Dorsal scapular
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Nerve of pectoralis minor
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Medial pectoral
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Nerve of serratus anterior
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Long thoracic
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What is oxygen debt?
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The difference between the amount of oxygen needed for totally aerobic respiration during muscle activity and that which is actually used.
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What's the distinguising factor of muscles of the shoulder girdle?
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Origins are in the axial skeleton and the insertions are in the appendicular skeleton
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What joint forms the axis of rotation for all shoulder girdle movement?
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Sternoclavicular joint
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What muscles produce pure protraction?
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Pectoralis minor & serratus anterior
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What muscle forms a bridge over the brachial plexus?
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Pectoralis minor
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What are some actions/activities that involve the shoulder girdle?
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Swimming forward - Protraction (serratus anterior, pectoralis minor)
Swimming backward - Retraction (middle traps, rhomboids) Pushup Up - protraction Pushup Down - retraction |