American Revolution

Front 1

Order of events

Back 1

Lexington/Concord, Bunkerhill, Olive branch petition, commonsense, declaration of independence, British attack New York, battle of Trenton, Battle of Saratoga, winter at Valley Forge, war at Sea, Southern campaign, battle of Yorktown, Treaty of Paris

Front 2

Ccommon sense

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Written by Thomas Paine. It was persuasive to get Americans to fight for the revolution

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The American crisis

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Motivated colonist during the revolution, the message of paints the crisis – real patriots hold onto their beliefs even in hard times

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John lockes view

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government is a social contract, citizens follow the contract as long as it protects individual freedom and property, when government breaks the contract citizens overthrew the government. People had the right to overthrow the government that oppresses them

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Declaration of independence

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Slavery it wasn't in declaration,borrowed idea from John Lochte's social contract, in alienable rights, John Adams let the debates in the Continental Congress for independence

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Salutary neglect

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Led to colonial representative government because people wanted a say in the government

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Strengths for the British

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Many people in the army, well train, experience, well supplied

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Strengths for the Americans

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Patriotism, help overseas, George Washington, French secretly aiding the Americans, only had to defend their land

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British weaknesses

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Troops and supply were slow overseas, planning was difficult, not able to convince the British for motivation, poor leadership, didn't know the land, Lord Germaine kept changing plans and generals

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Weaknesses for the Americans

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Short on men less than 17,000, untrained, short on guns gunpowder food and uniforms

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Washington's strategy

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Avoid larger battles that put his army at risk, fight a defensive war, tire out the British

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1607

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Jamestown Virginia

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1620

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Mahflower compact

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1776

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Declaration of independence

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Washington

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Leader of the Continental Army

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Lord Cornwallis

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British leader during the revolutionary war. Surrendered at the battle of Yorktown

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Early defeats

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Greater number of British overwhelmed the Americans. Washington retreats from New York City across the Delaware river

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Victories at Trenton and Princeton

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December 1776 Christmas Eve. W's troops cross the Delaware river at night. Take enemy's surprise early next morning ( hessian mercenaries). Victory solidified Washington's command and raises the army's moral

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Battle of Lexington and concord

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British attempt to arrest patriot leaders and capture gunpowder and weapons, Paul Revere one the colonist, British won the battle at Lexington, next at Concorde the Minutemen were ready, the colonists fought the British and chase them back to Boston, many casualties for Britain

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Battle of Saratoga

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Turning point, 1777, British plan to divide the colonies and two, three British armies were to meet in the middle of New York, general Howe delayed the plan when he decided to attack Philadelphia instead of marching north, second force turned back, largest force commanded by Gen. Burgoyne he is defeated by American general gates at Saratoga, after the battle of the French and Spain are Allies to America

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Winter of Valley Forge

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1777 to 1778 in Pennsylvania, British now occupied Philadelphia, army was battle weary, 12,000 troops had no shoes and few blankets, problems included disease and frostbite, time was used to train and discipline the troops

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Fights in the southern colonies

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After the battle of Saratoga, British thought Southern land owners would be more sympathetic to England, fighters use gorilla tactics, tired at the British, it is an international war with France and Spain allied with the colonists

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Southern battles lead to victory

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British are tired out, British or forced to retreat to Yorktown, Lord Cornwallis is in charge of the Southern Army's

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Back on the seas

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At the start of the war British were stronger than the colonies, colonies had no Navy and relied on privateers who were private citizens who attacked the empty ships, small navy develops But nothing near enough to match the British

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Yorktown

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French troops and War ships were present, help the Americans to trap the British Army, French fleet blocked the escape by seed, but for a few days before Cornwallis surrendered

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Thomas paine

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Author of common sense and the American crisis. Wrote motivational phampets

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Marquis de lafayette

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Washington's army. Commander. The soldiers friend. Gave money. Persuaded French king to send 6000 troops to America. Won many battles

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Bernardo de galvez

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Spanish military leader. Aided the colonies in their defeat of the British- sent supplies. Protected New Orleans from British attacks

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Wentworth cheswell

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Teacher church leader historian judge. Fought at Saratoga. First Africa American elected in public office in America

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Haym soloman

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Member of the sons of liberty, wrist his life by spying on the English and helping imprisoned colonists escape, prime financer of the revolution by giving interest – free loans to the nation and revolutionary leaders

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James Armistead

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Slave from Virginia with permission to doing the Revolutionary Army, job was to use by for the colonists by working for the British Army as an orderly and guide, information to help to the defeat of the British at the battle of Yorktown

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Mercy Otis warren

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Wrote the first history of the American Revolutionary war, use notes for meetings and conversations she had with people, her ideas convinced many to take the patriot cause

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Baron Von Steuben

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From Prussia, drilled the soldiers with a model company. Established camp sanitation. Turned continental army in to a fighting force

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Salutary neglect

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The hands off policy of England codewords it's American colonies during the first half of the 1700's

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Mercenary

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A professional soldier hired to fight for a foreign country

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Strategy

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In overall plan of action

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Rendezvous

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Meeting

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John Paul jones

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Naval hero. Commanded the bonhomie Richard that faced Serapis in a battle of the coast of Britain. Famous saying "I've not yet begun to fight"! Wins the first victory for an American warship. Boosts the morale of the colonists

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Guerrilla warfare

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A soldier who weakens the enemy was surprise raids and hit and run attacks

Front 48

Date, what did it end, what were the conditions of the treaty, what was the legacy of the American Revolution, Treaty of Paris

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1783, ended the revolutionary war, Great Britten would recognize the United States as an independent country. Great Britain handed over territory from the Atlantic coast to the Mississippi River. United States agreed to return all rights and property taken from the loyalists during the war. The legacy was that an inspired other revolts around the world (throughout South America and in France)

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Postwar British feelings

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Most British people excepted the defeat at Yorktown, King George didn't want to except it though

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African Americans

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Slave spot for Braden because they promise their freedom if they won, slaves bought for America because the constitution would give them freedom

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Native American

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Someone bought because they feared that the Americans would take their land, some for America because they were there friends

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Woman

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Any woman tried to help the army, the wives cooked did laundry and nursed or sick wounded soldiers, few women even fought